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Chapter 21
na
39
Science
7th Grade
04/17/2011

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Term
Habitat
Definition
an enviroment that provides the things an organism needs to live, grow , and reproduce
Term
Biotic Factor
Definition
the living parts of a habitat
Term
Abiotic Factor
Definition
the nonliving things in a habitat
Term
Population
Definition
All the members of one species in a perticular area
Term
Species
Definition
A group of organisms that are physically similar and can mate with each other and reproduce
Term
Sampling
Definition
Count the number of organisms in a small area
Term
Estimate
Definition
an approximation of a number based on reasonable assumptions
Term
Direct Observations
Definition
counting EVERY MEMBER of a species in a perticular area
Term
Indirect Observation
Definition
observe the signs of a perticular species
Term
Community
Definition
all the different populations that live together in an area
Term
Ecosystem
Definition
the community of organisms that live in a perticular area, along with their nonliving surroundings
Term
Ecology
Definition
the study of how living things INTERACT WITH EACH OTHER and their enviroments
Term
Ecologist
Definition
a person who studys ecology
Term
Carrying Capacity
Definition
the largest population an area can support
Term
Niche
Definition
the role of an organism in its habitat OR how it makes it living
Term
Population Density
Definition
the nuber of individuals in an area of specific size
Term
Immigration
Definition
moving into a population
Term
Emigration
Definition
leaving a population
Term
Limiting Factor
Definition
factor that causes a population to decrease
Term
Adaptations
Definition
a behavior or physical characteristics that allow an organism to survive in their enviroment
Term
Competition
Definition
stuggle to survive in a habitat with limiting resources
Term
Predation
Definition
one organism kills and eats another
Term
Prey
Definition
the one that is killed
Term
Predator
Definition
the one that does the killing
Term
Symbiosis
Definition
close relationship 2 species where at least one benifits
Term
Mutualism
Definition
both organisms benefit
Term
Commensalism
Definition
one benefits another is neither helped nor harmed
Term
Parasitism
Definition
one organism lives on or in another and harming it
Term
Parasite
Definition
smaller than host - benefits from relationship
Term
Host
Definition
parasite lives on or in this organism
Term
Primary Successtion
Definition
the series of changes that occur in an area where there was NO ecosystem
Term
Pioneer Species
Definition
first species to populate an area
Term
Secondary Succession
Definition
the series of changes that occur in an area where there WAS an ecosystem
Term
What is the equation used to caculate population density?
Definition
# of individuals divided by the unit area
Term
An ecologist counts 75 cardinals in an area measuring 15 square kilometers. What is the population density of the cardinals?
Definition
75 divided by 15= 5
Term
List the levels of organization from smallest to largest.
Definition
1.Organisms
2.Population
3.Community
4.Ecosystem
Term
What are the 4 limiting factors for populations?
Definition
food, weather, space, and water
Term
What abiotic factors are needed for plants to make their own food in photosynthesis?
Definition
water - sunlight
Term
All abiotic and biotic factors in an area together make up a(n) _________
Definition
ecosystem
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