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Chapter 2
Constitution
25
Political Studies
Not Applicable
02/06/2017

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Term
mercantilism
Definition
theory designed to increase nations wealth through development of commercial industry and a favorable balance of trade
Term
Stamp Act Congress
Definition
it’s a meeting of representatives of 13 colonies held in NY City in 1765 during which reps drafted a document to send to the King listing how their rights have been violated
Term
Committee of Correspondence
Definition
organizations in colonies created to keep colonists abreast of developments with the British served as powerful models of public opinion against the British
Term
First Continental Congress
Definition
meeting held in Philladelphia from September 5-October 26th, 1774 in which 56 delegated adopted a resolution in opposition to the Coercive Acts
Term
Second Continental Congress
Definition
meeting that canvened in Philly on May 10th, 1775 at which it was decided that an army should be raised and George Washington was named commander in chief
Term
confederation
Definition
type of gov where the national gov derives its powers from the states. A league of independent states.
Term
Declaration of Independence
Definition
document drafted by Thomas Jeffereson in 1776 that proclaimed the right of the American colonies to separate from Great Britian
Term
Articles of Confederation
Definition
the compact amoung the 13 original states that was the basis of their governement written in 1776 the articles were not ratified in all the states in 1781.
Term
Shays's Rebellion
Definition
a 1786 rebellion in which an army of 1500 disgruntled and angry farmers led by Daniel Shays marched to Springfield, Massachusettes and forcably restrained the state court from foreclosing mortgages on their farms
Term
Constitution
Definition
a document establishing the structure, functions and limitations of a government
Term
Virginia Plan
Definition
first general plan for the Constitution proposed by James Madison, it's key poits were a bicameral legislature an executive chosen by the legislature and a judiciary also named by the legislature
Term
New Jersey Plan
Definition
a framework for the Constitution proposed by a group of small states, it's key points were a one house legislature with one vote for each state. The establishment of the Acts of Congress as the Supremem Law of the land and a Suprememe Judiciary with limited power.
Term
Great Compromise
Definition
decision made during the Constitutional Convention to give each state the same number of representatives in the Senate regardless of size; representation in the House was determined by population.
Term
3/5 Compromise
Definition
Agreement reached at the Constitutional Convention stipulating that each slave was to be counted as 3/5 a person for purposes of determining population for representration in the US House of representatives
Term
Separation of Power
Definition
a way of dividing power amoung 3 branches of government in which members of the House of Representatives, members of the Senate, the President, and Federal Courts are selecetd by and responsible to different constituencies
Term
Checks and Balances
Definition
a governmental structure that gives each of the 3 branches of government some degree of oversight and control over the actions of the others
Term
Federal System
Definition
plan of gov created in the US Constitution in which power is divided between the national government and the state govs and in which independent states are bound together under one national government
Term
enumerated powers
Definition
17 specific powers granted to Congress under Article One Secrion 8 under the US Constitution; these powers include taxation, coinage of money, regulation of commerce, and the authoority to provide for a national defence
Term
necessary and proper clause
Definition
the final paragraph of Article 1 Secion 8 of the US Constitution, which gives Congress the authority to pass all laws necessary and proper to carry out the enumerated powers specified in the Constitution; also called the elastic clause
Term
implied powers
Definition
powers derived from the enumerated powers and the necessary and proper clause. These powers are not stated specifically but are considered to be resonably implied through the exercise of delegated powers
Term
Supremecy clause
Definition
portion of Article 6 (VI) of the US Constitution mandating that national law is supreme to all other laws passed by the states or by any other subdivision of gov
Term
Federalists
Definition
those who favor a stronger national gov and supported the proposed US Constitution; later they became the first US political party
Term
Anti-Federalists
Definition
those who favored strong state gov and a weak national gov; they opposed the Constitution
Term
The Federalist Papers
Definition
a series of 85 political papers written by John Jay, Alexander Hamilton and James Madison in support of ratification of the US Constitution
Term
Bill of Rights
Definition
the first 10 ammendments to the US Constitution
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