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Chapter 20
Saiki
27
Biology
9th Grade
04/06/2014

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Term
Define predation
Definition
interaction in which one organism captures and eats all or part of another individual organism
Term
Predators have adaptions to efficiently ______ prey.
Definition
capture
Term
Prey species have adaptations to _______ catupre
Definition
avoid
Term
Define mimicry
Definition
adaptation in which a species gains an advantage by resembling another species or object
Term
Plants produce ______ _________ as a chemical defense
Definition
secondary compounds
Term
Examples of plant adaptaions are
Definition

poison

foul taste

thorns

spines

Term
Competition may cause what?
Definition
competitive exclusion, the elimination of one species in a community
Term
What is character displacement driven by
Definition
competition
Term
What is character displacement
Definition
the evolution of differences in characteristics due to competition
Term
Define resource partitioning
Definition
differential resourse use to avoid competition
Term
Define parasitism
Definition
one species feeds on, but does not always kill, another species
Term
What is mutualism
Definition
both interacting species benefit
Term
Examples of mutualism are:
Definition

cows and bacteria, which produce cellulase in stomachs

co-evolution of bees and pllination

anemone and clownfish

Term
Define commensalism
Definition
one species benefits and the other is not affected
Term
What is species richness
Definition
the number of species in a community
Term
What is species evenness
Definition
relative abundance of each species
Term
Species interation promote what?
Definition
species richness
Term
Disturbances can alter a community by
Definition
elimination or removing organisms or altering resource availability
Term
Areas of low species richness may be less stable in the event of an
Definition
ecological disturbance
Term
What is ecological succession
Definition
a change in the species composition of a communtiy over time
Term
What is primary succession
Definition
the assembly of a community on newly created habitat
Term
Primary succession occurs in areas that have been recently...
Definition
exposed to the elements and lack soil
Term
What is secondary succession
Definition
the change in an existing community following a disturbance
Term
Where does secondary succession occur
Definition
areas where the orginal ecosystem has been cleared by a disturbance and soil is present
Term
Define climax community
Definition
the community proceeds through a predictable series of stages unti it reaches a stable end point
Term
Where does primary succession proceed from
Definition
lichens and mosses to a climax community
Term
Where does secondary succession proceed from to a climax community
Definition
weeds
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