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| Based on nature and providence rather than on the preferences of people. |
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| Articles of confederations |
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| went into effect in 1781, it created a weak national government that could not levy taxes or regulate commerce. |
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| Constitutional Convention |
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| A meeting of delegates in 1787 to revise the Article of confederation, which created a totally new constitution. |
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| A rebellion in 1787 led by Daniel Shays and other ex-revolutionary war soldiers and officers to prevent foreclosure of farms as a result of high taxes. the revolt highlighted the weaknesses of the confederation. |
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| A compromise at the constitutional convention in 1787 that restated the interests of small and large states by allowing the former to predominate in the senate and the latter in the house. |
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| A government in which a system of representation operates. |
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| The power of the courts to declare acts of legislature and of the executive to be unconstitutional. |
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| The power legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government to block some acts by the other two branches. |
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| A political system in which ultimate authority is shared between a central government and states or regional government. |
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| A principle of American government whereby constitutional authority is shared by three separate branches of government - the legislative, the executive, and the judicial. |
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| A group of people who seek to influence public policy in ways contrary to the public good. |
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| Opponents of a strong central government who campaign against ratification of the constitution in favor of a confederation of largely independent sates. |
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| A series of eighty- five essays written by Alexander Hamilton, James madison, and john jay that were published in New York newspapers in 1787-1788 to convince New Yorkers to adopt the newly proposed constitution. |
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| An alliance among different interest group or parties to achieve some political goal. |
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| A Latin term meaning you shall have the body. A court order directing a police officer, sheriff, or warden who has a person in custody to bring the prisoners before a judge and show sufficient cause for his or her detention. The Writ of habeas Corpus was designed to prevent illegal arrests and imprisonment. |
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| A Latin term meaning after the fact. A law that makes criminal and act that was legal when it was committed, that increased the penalty for a crime after it has been committed, or that changes the rule of evidence to make the conviction easier. the state legislature and congress is forbidden from passing such laws by Article I of the constitution. |
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| A list of individual rights and liberties, such as freedom of speech, religion, and the press. |
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| Changes in, or addition to the constitution - amendments are proposed by a two - thirds vote of both houses of congress or by a convention called by congress at the request of two- thirds f the state legislature and ratified by approval of three- fourths of states. |
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| The power of an executive to veto some provisions in an appropriation bill while approving others. The president does not have the right exercise a line- item veto and most approve or reject an entire appropriations bill. |
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