Term
|
Definition
| Broad program monies given to local governments, which exercise discretion in how the money is spent. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Program monies given for specific purposes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Where state and national government responsibilities are mingled and blurred like a marble cake – powers and policies are shared. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| : Transferring responsibility for policies from the federal to state and local governments. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Where states and the national government each remain supreme within their own spheres of power, much like a layer cake. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The statement in the Constitution saying Congress has the power to make all laws “necessary and proper” to carry out its duties. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Powers of Congress found in Article 1, Section 8 of the Constitution. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The Constitution requires each state to return a person charged with a crime in another state to that state for trial or imprisonment. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| system of shared power between two or more levels of government. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of categorical grant where local governments do not apply for a grant but receive funds based on a formula. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Article IV of the Constitution requires states to provide reciprocity toward other states’ public acts, records and civil judicial proceedings. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1824 Supreme Court case which expanded Congress’ power to regulate interstate and international commerce by defining commerce broadly to include every form of commercial activity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Powers beyond Congress’ enumerated powers ensuring it can carry out its duties. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1819 Supreme Court case which established the supremacy of the national government over the states. |
|
|
Term
| Privileges and Immunities |
|
Definition
| Constitution stops states from discriminating against other states’ citizens. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Categorical grants awarded based on competitive applications. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Article VI of the Constitution states that the supreme law of the land is the Constitution, the laws of the national government, and treaties. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Specifies that powers not delegated to the national government are reserved for the state government or the people. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A system where all power resides in the central government. |
|
|
