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Chapter 1 Vocabulary
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44
Social Studies
11th Grade
09/10/2014

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Term
Aristotle
Definition
greek philosopher and scientist
Term
autocracy
Definition
a system of government by one person with absolute power
Term
bourgeoisie
Definition
middle class; typically with reference to its perceived materialistic values or conventional attitudes
Term
capitalism
Definition
an economic and political system in which a countries trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state
Term
command economy
Definition
production, investment, prices, and incomes are determined centrally by the government
Term
communism
Definition
an economic system in which the central government directs all major economic decisions
Term
confederacy
Definition
a loose union of independent states
Term
consensus
Definition
an agreement about basic beliefs
Term
constitutional government
Definition
a government in which a constitution has authority to place clearly recognized limits on the powers of those who govern
Term
constitution
Definition
a plan that provides the rules for government
Term
constitutional law
Definition
law that involves the interpretation and application of the US constitution and state constitutions
Term
democracy
Definition
government in which the people rule
Term
developing nation
Definition
a nation that is only beginning to develop industrially
Term
divine right theory
Definition
rulers of the people were chosen by the gods to govern
Term
economics
Definition
the study of human efforts to satisfy seemingly unlimited wants through the use of limited sources
Term
evolutionary theory
Definition
state evolved from the family group
Term
federal system
Definition
a government that divides the powers of government between the national government and state or provincial governments
Term
force theory
Definition
one person or group used force to establish it's authority to govern the people
Term
free enterprise
Definition
the opportunity to control one's own economic decisions
Term
free market
Definition
economic system in which buyers and sellers make free choices in the market place
Term
government
Definition
the institution through which the state maintains social order, provides public services, and enforces binding decisions on citizens
Term
industrialized nation
Definition
a nation with large industries and advanced technology that provides a more comfortable way of life then developing nations
Term
interdependence
Definition
dependent on each other
Term
John Locke
Definition
was one of the most important and influential philosophers ever. The French Enlightenment drew heavily on his ideas, as did the Founding Fathers of the American Revolution
Term
laissez-faire
Definition
a policy or attitude of letting things take their own course, without interfering.
Term
monarchy
Definition
a form of government with a monarch at the head.
Term
multinational corporation
Definition
A corporation that has its facilities and other assets in at least one country other than its home country.
Term
nation
Definition
a large aggregate of people united by common descent, history, culture, or language, inhabiting a particular country or territory
Term
nation-state
Definition
a sovereign state whose citizens or subjects are relatively homogeneous in factors such as language or common descent.
Term
oligarchy
Definition
a small group of people having control of a country, organization, or institution
Term
political party
Definition
an organised group of people with at least roughly similar political aims and opinions, that seeks to influence public policy by getting its candidates elected to public office
Term
politics
Definition
the activities associated with the governance of a country or other area
Term
preamble
Definition
a preliminary or preparatory statement; an introduction
Term
proletariat
Definition
workers or working-class people, regarded collectively
Term
republic
Definition
a state in which supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives, and which has an elected or nominated president rather than a monarch.
Term
social contract
Definition
an implicit agreement among the members of a society to cooperate for social benefits
Term
social contract theory
Definition
the view that persons' moral and/or political obligations are dependent upon a contract or agreement among them to form the society in which they live
Term
socialism
Definition
a political and economic theory of social organization that advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole
Term
sovereignty
Definition
supreme power or authority
Term
state
Definition
the particular condition that someone or something is in at a specific time
Term
theocracy
Definition
a system of government in which priests rule in the name of God or a god
Term
thomas hobbes
Definition
was an English philosopher, best known today for his work on political philosophy
Term
totalitarianism
Definition
relating to a system of government that is centralized and dictatorial and requires complete subservience to the state
Term
unitary system`
Definition
is a sovereign state governed as a single entity
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