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| what are the four lobes of the cerebral cortex? |
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| frontal, parietal, temperal, occipital |
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| the part of the body that controls bodily balance |
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| the study of the effects of heriditary on behavior |
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| advanced technology to actually manipulate genes in order to determine their effert on behavior |
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| is an important region of the cerebral cortex |
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| what part of brain has cerebellum, pons, medulla |
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| pons play an important role in what? |
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| brain stem, reticular formation |
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| brain stem contains what? |
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| Forbrain consists of what? |
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| lymbic system, thalamus, basal gangia, hypothalamus, cerebral cortex |
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| Lymbic system consists of what? |
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| what are the three types of cerebral cortex? |
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| Hemispheres, lobes, and cortex areas |
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| Periatel, temperal, frontal, occipital |
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| Somatasensory, Motor, and association |
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| two types of cells in the nervous system |
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| support, nutritional; not specialized |
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| encases axon and speeds up transmission of nerve impulses |
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| stable, negative charge of an inactive neuron; negative on inside, positive on outside |
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| brief wave of positive electrical charge that sweeps down the axon. "firing". All or nothing principle |
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| onece the electrical impluse reaches a certain level of intensity, call its threshold, it fires and moves all the way down the axon without losing any of its intensity. |
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| carry info across the synaptic gap to the next neuron. |
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| stimulates the firing of neurons and is involved in the action of muscles, learning, and memory. Found in central and peripheral nervous systems. Alzheimer disease means that they have a acetylcholine deficiency |
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| found in the central nervous system. keeps many neurons from firing. controls the precision of the signal being carried from one neuron to the next. Low levels are linked to anxiety. |
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| inhibits the firing of neurons in the CNS, but it excites the heart muscle, in testine, and urgenital tract. Stress stimulates the release of norepinephrine. helps to control alertness. not enough norepinephrine is associated with depression. too much associats manic states. |
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| control voluntary movement and affects sleep, mood, learning, and the ablility to recognize rewards in the environment. Low levels are associated with parkinsons disease. high levels are schizophrenia |
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| regulation of sleep, mood, attention, and learning. teams with acetylcholine and norepinephrine. Low levels is depression. |
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| natural opiates that mainly stimulate the firing of neurons. Sheild body from pain and elevate feelings of pleasure. |
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| hormone and neurotransmitter that plays an important role in the experience of love and social bonding. released as part of the sexual orgasm. |
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| increases a neurotransmitter's effects |
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| a drug that blocks a neurotransmitters's effect |
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| abnormal disruption in the tissue of the brain resulting from injury or disease. |
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| electical recording (EEG) |
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| records the brains electrical activity. can access brain damage and epilepsy. |
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| xray, CAT, PET, MRI, fMRI |
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| three dimensional image obtained from x rays of the head that are assembled into a composite image by a comp. Provides valuable info about the location and extent of damage involving stroke, language disorder, or loss of memory |
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| reveal damage inside or outside our bodies. two dimensional image of the three dimensional interior of the brain. |
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| measures the amount of glucose in various areas of the brain and then sends this info to a computer for analysis. |
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| creats a magnetic field around a person's body and using radio waves to construct images of the person's tissues and biocemical activities. generates a very clear picture of the brains interior. info about brain structure but cant portray brain function |
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| see whats happening in the brain while its working. exploits changes in blood oxygeen that occur in association with brain activity. |
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| medulla, cerebellum, pons. located at skulls rear;lowest portion. |
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| begins where the spinal cord enters the skull. controls breathing and heart rate. regulates our reflexes |
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| extends from the rear of the hindbrain, just above the medulla. coordinated movements; bodily movements |
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| bridge in hindbrain that connects the cerebellum and the brain stem. sleep and arousal. |
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| medulla and pons and the midbrain |
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| wrinkly part of forebrain; thinking, learning, consciousness |
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| relays info btwn lower and higher brain center. post office. forebrain |
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| eating, drinking, sex; emotion and stress. |
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| walking; arousal and stereotyped patteres |
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| involved in fear and the discrimination of objects necessary for organism's survival |
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| relays info btwn the brain and the eyes and ears. |
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| the largest division and its most forward part. lymbic system, thalamus, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, and cerebral cortex. |
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| loosely connected network of structures under the cerebral cortex. memory and emotion. amygdala and hippocampus |
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| almond shaped; located inside the brain toward the base. |
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| above thalamus and under the cerebral cortex lies larger clusters of neurons. unwanted movement. |
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| structures located at the back of the head that respond to visual stimuli |
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| part of cerebral cortex; just above ears; involved in hearing, language processing, and memory |
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| behind the forhead; personality, intelligence, and the control of voluntary muscles. |
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| tip and toward the rear of the head. |
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| processes info about bodily sensations. front of parietal lobes |
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| just behing the frontal lobes; processes info about vountary movements. |
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| region of the cerebral cortex that integrates this info. thinking and problem solving |
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| large bundle of axons that connects the brains two hemispheres. rubber bands |
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| precise area of the left hemisphere; speech. |
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| Left hemisphere; language |
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| speech and grammer; language processing and production; |
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| nonverbal info; spatial perception; visual recognition and emotion. |
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| set of glands that regulate the activities of certain organs by releasing their chemical products into the bloodstream. |
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| organs in the body that create chemicals that controls many of our bodily functions. |
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| chemical messengers that are produced by the endocrine glands and carried by the bloodstream to all the parts of the body. |
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| just beneath the hypothalamus; controls growth and regulates other glands. |
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| top of each kidney; regulates moods, energy level, and the ability to cope with stress. secretes epinephrine(adrenaline). |
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| dual purpose gland under the stomach that performs both digestive and endocrine functions. produces inculin. |
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| sex related endocrine glands |
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| characteristics of the nervous system |
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| complexity, integration, adaptability, electrochemical transmission |
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| sensory nerves; carry info to the brain and spine |
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| motor nerves; carrly info out of the brain and spine |
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| three ways the brain might repair itself is? |
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| collateral sprouting, substitution of function, and neurogenesis |
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| founded first psychology lab in 1879. Structuralist. introspection. |
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| evolution and natural selection |
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| focuses on the body, expecially the brain and nervous system. ex) how your heart races when scared |
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| scientific study of obserable behavior respsonses; watson and skinner |
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| unconscious thought and the conflict btwn biological drives; freud |
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| persons positive qualities, positive growth, freedom to choose destiny; rogers and moslow |
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| evolutionary idea; adaptation, reproduction, natural selection |
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| way in which social and cultural environments influence behavior |
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| types of descriptive research |
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| observation, surveys and interviews, case studies |
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| a variable that has not been measured accounts for the relationship between two other variables. "Confounds" |
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| measures of the variables of interest in multiple waves over time |
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| changes in the dependent variable are due to the manipulation of the independent variable. |
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| descriptive, correlational, experimental |
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| types of ethic guidelines |
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| informed concent, confidentiality, debriefing, deception |
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