Term
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Definition
| Specialized to transmit information in the form of electrical signals from one body location to another |
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Term
| Oxygen is carried in the blood stream by cells called |
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Definition
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Term
| Bone Marrow manufactures what type of cell |
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Definition
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Term
| To ensure that adequate numbers of erythrocytes are present in the blood, what hormone regulates this |
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Definition
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Term
| What organ secretes erythropoietin |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the four major types of cells |
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Definition
neurons
muscle cells
epithelial cells
connective tissue cells |
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Term
| The interior cavity of a hollow organ or vessel is generally referred to as the |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
sweat glands
salivary glands
secrete a product into a duct leading to the external environment |
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Term
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Definition
pituitary gland
adrenal gland
secrete hormones, chemicals that communicate a message to cells of the body, into the bloodstream |
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Term
| When two or more tissues combine to make up structures that perform particular functions, those structures are called |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Provide communication between cells of the body through the release of hormones into the bloodstream
Hypothalamus, pituitary gland, adrenal gland, throid gland, paratyroid glands, thymus, pancreas |
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Term
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Definition
Provide communication between cells of the body through electrical signals and the release of neurotransmitters into small gaps between certain cells
Brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves |
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Term
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Definition
Support the body; allow voluntry movement of the body; allow facial expressions
skeletal muscle, bones, tendons, ligaments |
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Term
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Definition
Transport molecules throughout body in bloodstream
Heart, blood vessels blood |
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Term
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Definition
Bring oxygen into the body and eliminate cargon dioxide from the body
Lungs, pharynex, trachea, bronchi |
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Term
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Definition
Filter the blood to regulate acidity, blood volume, and ion concentrations; eliminate wastes
Kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra |
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Term
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Definition
Break down food and absorb it into the body
Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, pancreas, gallbladder |
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Term
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Definition
Generate offspring
Gonads, reproductive tracts and glands |
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Term
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Definition
defend the body against pathogens and abnormal cells
White blood cells, thymus, lymph nodes, spleen, tonsiles, adenoides |
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Term
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Definition
Protect the body from the external environment
skin |
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Term
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Definition
| fluid in the bloodstream that surrounds blood cells |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Intracellular fluid volume |
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Definition
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Term
| Extracellular fluid volume |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Interstitial fluid volume |
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Definition
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Term
| Water that is contained in the body |
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Definition
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Term
| Fluid that is contained within cells |
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Definition
| ICF - intracellular fluid |
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Term
| fluid that is located outside cells |
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Definition
| ECF - extracellular fluid |
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Term
| fluid that is located outside cells and found in the blood |
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Definition
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Term
| fluid that is located outside cells and found outside the blood |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
If a regulated variable increases, the system responds by making it decrease;
if it decreases, the system responds by making it increase |
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Term
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Definition
| cells, tissues, or organs that respond to neural or chemical signals; in homeostatic regulatory sytems, cells, tissues, or organs that respond to output signals of the integrating center and bring about the final response |
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Term
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Definition
| the response to the system goes in the same direction as the change that sets it in motion |
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Term
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Definition
| thermal energy is transferred from the body to the environment in teh form of electromagnetic waves |
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Term
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Definition
| is the transfer of thermal energy between objects that are in direct contact with each other |
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Term
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Definition
| heat is lost from an object through the evaporation of water from its surface |
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Term
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Definition
the transfer of heat from one place to another by moving gas or liquid, contributes to heat loss on a windy day
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Term
| Three type of effectors that are important in thermoregulation |
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Definition
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Term
| External Environment Lumen |
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Definition
Respiratory system
GI system
Reproductive system
Urinary system |
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Term
| Internal Environment Lumen |
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Definition
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Term
| Nutrients and other needed materials (like Oxygen) are transported into the |
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Definition
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Term
| Wastes are transported out into the |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
activates effectors if there is any difference (error signal) between them
hypothalamus center |
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Term
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Definition
sweat glands
blood vessels
skeletal muscles |
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Term
| Homeostasis in general depends on the body successfully obtaining and exchanging may different substances within the enviroment what are they |
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Definition
Oxygen and CO2
Nutrients, vitamins, and minerals
Water
Wastes
Material exchange between differnet body fluid compartments |
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Term
| Homeostasis - Oxygen and CO2 exhanged by |
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Definition
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Term
| Homeostasis - Nutrients, vitamins, and minerals |
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Definition
| obtained by the nervois and musculoskeletal systems, exchanged by the digestive system |
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Term
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Definition
| obtained by the nervous and musculoskeletal systems, exchanged by the digestive and urinary systems |
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Term
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Definition
| exchanged by the urinary and digestive systems |
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Term
| Intercellular communication |
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Definition
| Neurons and endocrine cells are highly specialized in this process |
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Term
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Definition
| one of the most important determinants of survival for an organism is how efficiently it uses the fule molecules it has |
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Term
| What are the three primary types of threats to homeostasis |
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Definition
Microbiological
Physical/environmental
Chemical |
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Term
| What are microbiological threats |
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Definition
| bacteria, viruses, worms - our immune system and integumentary system help protect us against these |
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Term
| Physical/environmental threats |
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Definition
| nervous, endocrine and musculoskeletal systems |
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