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Chapter 19
Landscapes Of Rural Settlement
116
Geography
9th Grade
11/10/2008

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Cards

Term
What ranks high oh the list of human needs?
Definition
Shelter
Term
What are the functions of shelter?
Definition
Protect against weather, privacy, comfort, storage, and a place to display values and achievements
Term
What does shelter reveal?
Definition
Region and culture
Term
What reveals region and culture through shelters?
Definition
Building materials, social needs, economic needs, cultural traditions, natural environment
Term
In the form of what does one culture give away another?
Definition
Houses
Term
What two things give impressions of social values and economic needs?
Definition
Layout and function of houses
Term
What two things do materials reflect?
Definition
Availability and Purpose
Term
The ____ houses the ____ cultivation?
Definition
More; less
Term
What is the most prevalent rural residential pattern in agricultural areas?
Definition
Nucleated settlement
Term
In nucleated settlement land use is just as intense but who is the work done by?
Definition
Animals and People
Term
Where do the underlines of development of villages today come from?
Definition
Tradition, political organization, physical land characteristics
Term
What do we assume early humans lived in?
Definition
Bands of 12 to 50/60 people who migrated and set up temporary settlements
Term
What were the first shelters?
Definition
Holes covered in branches and leaves
Term
As capacity to domesticate animals, grow crops, store food, ________ so does the size and complexity of human groupings?
Definition
Increases
Term
What is it necessary to construct in communities?
Definition
Non-housing buildings
Term
What are some other facilities in communities?
Definition
Food/implement storage, guest quarters, sheltering of livestock
Term
Human communities existed as long as how long ago?
Definition
100,000 years ago
Term
Because of environmental influences, early migration people went where?
Definition
Unfamiliar environments
Term
Because of war people went where?
Definition
New, difficult, situations
Term
What is one amazing adaptation?
Definition
Igloo by Inuit in the frozen North
Term
Sometimes the construction of technique introduction leads to abandonment of what?
Definition
Existing practices
Term
Where did european colonial expansion lead to?
Definition
Americas, Africa, Asia
Term
What did cultural geographers try to reconstruct?
Definition
Buildings from diffusion
Term
What are the four classifications of dwellings?
Definition
1. Unchanged Traditional
2. Modified Traditional
3. Modernized Traditional
4. Modern
Term
What type of residential place has a layout, construction, and appearance that haven't been changed by external influences over the past century?
Definition
Unchanged Traditional
Term
What are the two Canadian houses?
Definition
French-Canadian house of Quebec and British-Canadian house of Ontario
Term
Which Canadian house if elaborate, curved rooflines, attic, dormer windows, raised balcony across front, and one side has a summer kitchen?
Definition
French-Canadian
Term
Which Canadian house is compact and austere?
Definition
British Canadian
Term
What are the three types of United States Traditional houses?
Definition
New England, Middle Atlantic, Southern
Term
Which type of U.S. Traditional house is wood framed, sometimes called "saltbox" and is from colonial times?
Definition
New England
Term
Which type of U.S. Traditional house is an origionated one-room log cabin with a stone chimney and fireplace at one end and later rooms, a porch, and second floor were added?
Definition
Mid Atlantic
Term
Which type of U.S. Traditional house is one story with a porch and is built on a raised platforms and has raised stone foundations?
Definition
South
Term
What reduces interior heat in a house?
Definition
Raised platform
Term
What reduces flooding in low-lying areas?
Definition
Raised stone foundations
Term
What type of residential place has new materials or elements that don't change the original structure?
Definition
Modified-Traditional
Term
What provides better rain protection?
Definition
Iron roofing
Term
What provides better air circulation?
Definition
Addition of windows and wooden doors
Term
What decreases the amount of moisture?
Definition
Raised floor
Term
What type of residential place has new materials, floor plans, and layouts?
Definition
Modernized-Traditional
Term
What did Modernized Traditional houses start with?
Definition
One bedroom, no two car garage, and none of the modern interior specialization
Term
What is the most common type of house in the United States?
Definition
Modern
Term
What do modern houses reflect?
Definition
Advanced technology, upward mobility, practicality, comfort, hygiene, large scale urbanization
Term
What is another name for a Ranch-style house?
Definition
California Bungalow
Term
Where did the Ranch-style house originate?
Definition
South California
Term
What type of modern dwelling has a low angle roof, screen porch/patio, pool/deck, BBQ pit, and space demanding energy-consuming features
Definition
Term
In modern dwellings what makes up for what?
Definition
Technology for style
Term
Cultural geographers sometimes classify dwellings according to what three things?
Definition
Physical structure, complexity, and materials
Term
What is at one end of classification?
Definition
Caves, windbreaks, pit dwellings, huts
Term
What is at the high end of classification?
Definition
Mansions, single family homes
Term
Dwelling structures are associated with what?
Definition
Particular Regions
Term
Less durable dwellings reflect what?
Definition
Scarcity of materials and explosive growth
Term
What building material reveals a link to distribution of forests?
Definition
Wood
Term
Where did the log house originate?
Definition
Cold forests of North Europe
Term
What are hard, oven-baked blocks of various sizes?
Definition
Bricks
Term
What are piled without mortar and caulked with mud and thatched roofs?
Definition
Stone
Term
What two building materials are most common?
Definition
Wood and brick
Term
What building material is made up of poles and sticks woaven and plastered with mud?
Definition
Wattle
Term
What building material is in african houses?
Definition
Wattle
Term
What building material is in African savanna lands?
Definition
Grass and Bush
Term
What do people bring with them as they migrate?
Definition
Construction ideas
Term
What are construction changes due to?
Definition
Resource availability
Term
Who created three principles?
Definition
Fred Kniffen
Term
Where are New England houses mainly?
Definition
North corridor
Term
Where are Mid Atlantic houses?
Definition
Wider spread
Term
Where did Ranch Style houses go?
Definition
From West to East
Term
What are hamlets?
Definition
The smallest clusters of about a dozen buildings
Term
What are the largest clusters?
Definition
Cities
Term
How many people are there up to in a village in Canada?
Definition
1000 people
Term
How many people are there up to in a village in the United States?
Definition
2500 people
Term
How many people are there up to in a village in India?
Definition
5000 people
Term
How many people are there up to in a village in China?
Definition
30,000 people
Term
What is a village?
Definition
A settlement which a majority of the population was involved in primary activities and in which there is little investment in public infastructure
Term
Why is it difficult to distinguish between rural and urban?
Definition
Because people commute from traditional villages to towns or cities for work and as part farmers
Term
People reflect what two types of conditions?
Definition
Historical and environmental
Term
What type of village is a circular village which surround a ruler?
Definition
Round Village
Term
What type of village is in rural areas and is surrounded by a protection?
Definition
Walled
Term
What type of village is on an evenly distributed land split?
Definition
Grid Village
Term
How much of the worlds population lives in villages and rural areas?
Definition
Half
Term
How many of China's people live in villages?
Definition
800 million
Term
How many of India's people live in villages?
Definition
3/4 people
Term
Where are the most villagers in the world?
Definition
Indonesia, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Africa
Term
In South Asia about how many farm villages are there and how many inhabitants are in each?
Definition
1,000,000; 1,000
Term
Who said that places confine human mind within the narrowest possible bounds?
Definition
Karl Marx
Term
What didn't Karl Marx understand?
Definition
Inhabitant strength, relationship with God/Allah, confidence in salvation
Term
What do people share where commercial agriculture prevails?
Definition
Materialistic Orientation
Term
What are some common qualities of regions?
Definition
Evidence of social stratification and differentiation of builings
Term
What are the primary functions of farm villages?
Definition
Protection of livestock and storage
Term
How are dwellings built in Africa?
Definition
Circular surrounding Corral or Krral
Term
Where is functional differentiation greatest?
Definition
West Cultures
Term
What do prosperous North American farms include?
Definition
Two-story farmhouse, stable, farm, outbuildings- garage, workshop, shed, silo
Term
What are settlement patterns always influenced by?
Definition
Cultural preferences, physical circumstances, even chance historical occurances
Term
What are the greatest influences on patterns of settlement and land use from?
Definition
Physical environment and social rules about land use and distribution
Term
Where is the space between villages increased in mountanous areas than in?
Definition
Fertile plains
Term
The most dramatic differentiation in rural land is by what?
Definition
Social norms
Term
What is the one unifying theme around the world?
Definition
Agriculture
Term
All people tie to what?
Definition
Land
Term
Where are traditional farm village common?
Definition
India, Sub-saharan African China, Southeast Asia
Term
Where is agriculture's new form?
Definition
World's core
Term
In the U.S. what percent of people are still farmers?
Definition
2 percent
Term
What is commercial farming?
Definition
Huge corporation farming in factories with equipment (Not Asia and Africa)
Term
What are dwellings typically made up of?
Definition
Materials available in the area
Term
What is China's house type material?
Definition
Baked mud walls and thatched roofs
Term
Where is the wattle construction number the largest in the world?
Definition
Southeast Asia
Term
Where are linear villages?
Definition
Low lying areas of West Europe around basin
Term
What type of village is a spanish design?
Definition
Grid
Term
In the early 21st century how many people lived in villages and rural areas?
Definition
over 1/2
Term
The rectangular land scheme in the United States is a township and range system?
Definition
True or False
Term
As satelittes become more complex function differences are seen in buildings?
Definition
True
Term
Corrigated Iron is used in roofing in some traditional houses around the world
Definition
True
Term
Style is the most important factor in modern housing
Definition
False
Term
Today building materials don't reflect resource availability because of transportation
Definition
True
Term
Wattle houses are found mainly in tropical regions
Definition
True
Term
Worldwide, rural settlements are small because few people are needed to run the land
Definition
False
Term
What is the Canadian-French colonial system?
Definition
Long lot survey
Term
What is a system of land survey along the East system?
Definition
Neats-and-bounds-survey
Term
What delineates property lines adopted in places where settlement is regulated by law, land, surveys, crutial in emplimentation?
Definition
Cadastral System
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