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Chapter 18 Antiadrenergic Drugs
Pharmacology Test 1 Fall 2012
19
Nursing
Undergraduate 3
09/21/2012

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Term

 

Antiadrenergic Drugs

 

What do they do?

Definition

Decrease or block the effects of sympathetic nerve stimulation, endogenous catecholamines, and adrenergic drugs

(trying to slow everything down)

Term

Antiadrenergic Drugs

What are the Mechanisms of Action??

Definition

may be selective (wrk on ONE receptor) or non-selective (work on ALL receptors)

Two Mechanisms:

can block Alpha1 or Beta receptors by adrenergic antagonists

stimulate presynaptic Alpha2 recptors with agonist drugs

Term

Antiadrenergic Drugs:  Alpha-Adrenergic Agonists and Blocking Agents (prevents norepinephrine from being released to decrease BP)

Alpha-2 Agonists

Definition

Inhibits release of norepinephrine in brain, decreases effects of sympathetic NS stimulation, leads to decreased BP

Clonidine (Catapres)-used most in children/ADHD, slows things down

Methyldopa-contraindication in liver disease

Term

Antiadrenergic Drugs: Alpha-Adrenergic Agonists and Blocking Agents

Alpha-Adrenergic blocking drugs

what are indications for use?

Definition

Can be selective or nonselective

Indications for use:

Selective: HTN,BPH (Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy)

Non-Selective: HTN caused by excessive catecholamines and vascular disorders characterized by vasospasms

 

Term

Antiadrenergic Drugs: Alpha-Adrenergic Agonists and Blocking Agents

Alpha-Adrenergic Blocking Drugs: SELECTIVE

Definition

Selective-blocks only alpha-1 receptors peripheral tissue, provides dilation of arterioles and veins, increased local blood flow, decreased BP, constriction of pupils, increased motility of GI tract

Term

Antiadrenergic Drugs: Alpha-Adrenergic Agonists and Blocking Agents

Alpha-Adrenergic Blocking Drugs: NONSELECTIVE

Definition

Nonselective: blocks Alpha1 and Alpha2 receptors in addition to above effects also produces cardiac stimulation 

Term

Alpha-Adrenergic Agonists and Blocking Agents: Alpha-Adrenergic blocking drugs

Contraindications for use?

Definition

Contraindications for use:

Angina pectoris

MI

HF

stroke

Term

Antiadrenergic Drugs: Individual Alpha Blocking Drugs

Selective Alpha1-Blocking Drugs

Definition

Selective Alpha1- Blocking Drugs

doxazosin (Cardura)-HTN,BPH

prazosin (Minipress)-HTN,BPH

tamsulosin HCL (Flomax)-BPH(alpha1 receptor-relax smooth muscle)

Term

Antiadrenergic Drugs: Individual Alpha Blocking Drugs

Nonselective Alpha1-Blocking Drugs

 

Definition

Nonselective Alpha-Blocking Drugs

phentolamine-HTN due to pheochromocytoma or prevention of tissue necrosis from extravasation of vasoconstrictive drugs

(tumor in brain, release more norepinephrine-sympathetic)

 

Term

Antiadrenergic Agents:

Beta-adrenergic blocking agents

Definition
Occupy beta-adrenergic receptor sites and prevent the receptors from responding to sympathetic nerve impulses (slowing HR down), circulating catecholamines, and beta-adrenergic drugs
Term

Antiadrenergic Agents

2 Types of Beta-adrenergic receptors:

Beta-1

what does it do?

Definition
Beta-1: cardiovascular system, blockage of receptor results in decreased HR, decreased force of myocardial contraction, slowed conduction through AV node, decreased CO and BP
Term

Antiadrenergic Agents

2 Types of Beta-adrenergic receptors:

Beta-2

what does it do?

Definition
Beta-2: Respiratory tract, blockage provides bronchoconstriction esp. in ppl w/ asthma & chronic lung disease, decreases metabolism of glucose. Increased tone of smooth muscle in GI tract, urinary bladder, and uterus.
Term

Antiadrenergic Agents: Beta-Adrenergic Blocking Agents

Indications for Use?

 

Definition

Indications for use:

mainly used in cardiovascular disorders

HTN, Angina, MI, HF, tachydysrythmias

Term

Antiadrenergic Agents: Beta-Adrenergic Blocking Agents

Contraindications for Use?

 

Definition

Contraindications for Use:

bradycardia (<60 BPN), heart block, non-selective are contrainicated in asthma and any other condition characterized by bronchoconstriction

Term

Antiadrenergic Drugs:

Individual Beta-Adrenergic Blocking Agents

Selective Blocking Agents

Definition

Atenolol (Tenormin)

Metoprolol (Lopressor)

Term

Antiadrenergic Drugs:

Individual Beta-Adrenergic Blocking Agents

Non-Selective Blocking Agents

Definition

propanolol (Inderal)-prototype

timolol (Timoptic)-eye drops for glaucoma

Term

Antiadrenergic Drugs:

Individual Alpha-Beta-Blocking Agents

(Cardiovascular Effects)

Definition

carvedilol (Coreg)

labetalol (Trandate)

Term

 

-olol= beta blocker

Definition
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