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Chapter 18 Vocab
mostly about ecosystems
17
Science
7th Grade
04/04/2010

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Term
adaptation
Definition
a trait that enables an organism to survive and reproduce in its environment
Term
behavior
Definition
all the actions an animal performs
Term
instinct
Definition
an animal behavior that is inborn/knows how to do without being taught
Term
learning
Definition
a process that leads to changes in behavior based on practice or experience
Term
conditioning
Definition
learning to connect some kind of stimulus with a good or bad event
Term
trial-and-error learning
Definition
when an animal, through repeated practice, learns to perform a behavior more and more skillfully
Term
insight learning
Definition
when you solve a problem or learn how to do something new by applying what you already know, without a period of trial and error
Term
artificial intelligence
Definition
the capacity of a computer to perform complex tasks such as learning from experience and solving problems
Term
imprinting
Definition
when newly hatched birds and newborn mammals learn to recognize and follow the first moving object they see
Term
aggression
Definition
threatening behavior that one animal uses to gain control over another
Term
territory
Definition
an area that is occupied and defended by an animal or group of animals
Term
courtship behavior
Definition
behavior in which males and females of the same species prepare for mating
Term
society
Definition
a group of closely related animals of the same species that work together for the benefit of the whole group
Term
circadian rhythm
Definition
behavior cycles that occur over a period of approximately one day
Term
hibernation
Definition
a state of greatly reduced body activity that occurs during the winter
Term
migration
Definition
regular, periodic journey of an animal from one place to another and then back again
Term
stimulus
Definition
an internal or external signal that causes a living thing to react in some way
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