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Chapter 18 BLOOD
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37
Biology
Undergraduate 2
03/08/2012

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Term
Blood Function
Definition

1. deliver O2 to rbc; transport hormones

2. prevent blood loss w/ platelet clotting factors. wbc prevent iinfection

 

Term
2 blood components
Definition
1. Formed elements
2. Plasma
Term
Formed elemetns
Definition
RBC, WBC, Platelets
Term
Plasma
Definition
Non-cellular fluid matrix
disolved protein
electrolytes
solutes
Term
HTC calculations
Definition
(RBC/Total volume)*100
Term
Function of RBC
Definition
large surface area to carry O2
Term
Hemoglobin
Definition
O2 binding with iron and protein
Term
ratio for Heme to globin
Definition
1:1
Term
ratio for hemoglobin to O2
Definition
1 hemaglobin:4 O2
Term
EPO
Definition
increace miotic division
increase Hb synthesis rate
increase RBC production
Term
Anenias
Definition
lowers O2 carrying compacity. lowers RBC decrease Hb
Term
Polycythemia
Definition
Bone marrow cancer. high altitude living. blood doping.
Term
3 transfusion reactions
Definition
Clumping of RBC, RBC rupture (hemolysis).
Term
Leukocytes
Definition
Priduced in bone marrow. contain both neucleus and mitochondria.
leave the blood by DIAPEDESIS. (squeezing between the cells)
Term
Neutrophils
Definition
small granules. multi lobed neucleus. engulf bacteria.
Term
Eopinphils
Definition
large granules. bi-lobed neucleus. attack parasitic worms.
Term
Basophils
Definition
large granules u-shaped neucleus. vasodialate blood vessels attract WBC
Term
Lymphocytes
Definition
large neucleus. few in blood lymph nodes spleen. t and b lymphocytes.
Term
T-lymphocytes
Definition
Attack virus-infected tumor cells.
Term
B-Lymphocytes.
Definition
produce antibodies.
Term
Monocytes
Definition
large U shaped neucleus. free macrophages move out of the blood into the tissues.
Term
Leukopoisis
Definition
WBC synthesis
Term
Meyloid stem sells
Definition
tgive rise to all formed elements except for lymphocytes.
Term
Lymphois stem cells
Definition
come from bone marrow and migrate to the lymphoid tissue.
Term
leukemia
Definition
over prodiction of WBC.
Term
Leukopenia
Definition
underproduction of WBC
Term
platelets
Definition
do not have neucleus. cytoplasmic fragments. function oin blood clotting. granules->blood clotting chemicals.
Term
thymosins
Definition
stimulate WBC production
Term
thrombopoietin
Definition
stimulate platelet prodution.
Term
Hemoblast
Definition
stem cell for RBC, WBC, and megakaryocytes.
Term
Hemostasis
Definition
Stoppage of blood flow positive feedback
Term
Vascular spasm phase
Definition
First step in hemostasis. VASOCONSTRICTION.
Term
Platelet plug formation phase.
Definition
platelets are attracted to eachother and makes a temporary patch of the damaged blood vessel. (positive feedback.)
Term
Coagulation
Definition
blood fluid makes a fibrin mesh and a blood gel.
Term
3 step of coagulation.
Definition
1. Formation of prothrombin activator.
2. prothrombim makes thrombin
3. Fibriogen uses the thrombin to make the fibrin mesh.
Term
Thrombus
Definition
Clot develops in unbroken vessel
Term
Embolus
Definition
Clot flows freely in vessels.
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