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Chapter 17: Social Welfare
Preparation for the AP Government & Politics
35
Political Studies
10th Grade
04/17/2012

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Term
What are the characteristics of Majoritarian Welfare Programs?
Definition
Consists of programs benefiting most of the people with no means test
Ex. Medicare and Social Security
Term
What are the characteristics of Client Welfare Programs?
Definition
Consists of programs benefiting a small amount of people with a means test
Ex. Medicaid and Food Stamps
Term
What is biggest problem plaguing majoritarian politics?
Definition
Cost
Term
What is biggest problem affecting client-based programs?
Definition
Legitmacy
Term
How is government action affected by client-based programs?
Definition
Characterized by changes in political appeal as popular opinion changes
Term
What is Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) characterized by?
Definition
Characterized by initially helping support fatherless children as a result of war or mining accidents to unmarried women with children born out-of-wedlock
Term
What are the 3 distinctive features of American Social Welfare Policy?
Definition
1. Restrictive American view to entitlement of funds
2. Speed of the arrival of welfare
3. Role of Federalism
Term
What are some characteristics of English welfare Policy?
Definition
Characterized by and old-age pension system in 1908, followed by national health and unemployment insurance, liberal parliamentary regime, emergence of British Labour Party, and lack of state governments
Term
What are the two conflicting views of beneficiaries of social welfare?
Definition
" fair share " vs. "helping the deserving poor"
Term
When did welfare policy arrive in the United States?
Definition
1935 passage of the Social Security Act
Term
What are some characteristics of the American progressive movement?
Definition
Included labor concentration on organizing itself and Progressive belief in emphasizing the reform of the political process and breaking up industrial trusts
Term
What is the role of federalism in American Social Welfare?
Definition
Allowed states to experiment with welfare programs because of a lack of Constitutional welfare provisions
Term
What is a mother's pension?
Definition
A program in which a widow with children was given financial assistance if she was a "fit mother" with a "suitable home"
Term
What are the 2 programs that fall under Majoritarian Welfare Programs?
Definition
Medicare and Social Security
Term
What is the role of Cabinet Committee on Economic Security created by Roosevelt?
Definition
To consider long-term policies using the influence of European nation experience as well as ideas of American scholars adapted to realities of American politics
Term
What were the 2 major provisions of the Social Security of 1935?
Definition
Insurance Program and Assistance Program
Term
What is an insurance program?
Definition
A self-financing government program based on contributions that provide benefits to unemployed or retired persons regardless of income
Term
What is an assistance program?
Definition
A government program financed by general income taxes that provides benefits to poor citizens without requiring contributions from them and is means tested
Term
What is a means test?
Definition
A means test is a measure to determine that incomes are below a certain level
Term
What was the issue of medical care?
Definition
Consisted of the idea of using government funds to pay the medical and hospital bills of the elderly and the poor. Needed approval of House Ways and Means Committee
Term
What was the Medicare plan?
Definition
Consisted of eligibility for the plan given to those eligible for Social Security benefits and coverage by plan of only hospital expenses and expanded Ways and Means Committee
Term
What programs are Insurance/"contributory" programs?
Definition
OASDI and Medicare
Term
What programs are Assistance/ "Noncontributory" Programs?
Definition
Unemployment Insurance(UI), Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), Supplemental Security Income (SSI), Medicaid, and Earned Income Tax Credit
Term
What is the key problem with Social Security?
Definition
Characterized by a rise in retirees and a decrease in the number of people paying Social Security taxes to provide the necessary benefits
Term
What are the solutions to be key problem with Social Security?
Definition
Raise the retirement age, freeze the amount of retirement benefits, raise Social Security benefits, privatize Social Security through Stock Market investment, and permit citizens to invest some Social Security taxes in specific mutual funds
Term
What is the key problem with Medicare?
Definition
Characterized by large cost and by low efficiency in paying for health care
Term
What are the solutions to the key problem with Medicare?
Definition
Remove Medicare and centralize health care or allow elderly to take Medicare money to buy health insurance from private suppliers, including HMOS
Term
What is the program that falls under Client Welfare Programs?
Definition
Aid to Families with Dependent Children
Term
What is an Earned Income Tax Credit?
Definition
A Cash grant to poor parents who were working
Term
What is a service strategy?
Definition
A policy of providing poor people with education and job training to help lift them out of poverty
Term
What is an income strategy?
Definition
A policy of giving poor people money to help lift them out of poverty
Term
What is Murray's thesis?
Definition
States that Welfare increases the amount of poverty by encouraging family break-up and out-of-wedlock births
Term
What was the major debate in 1935 and 1965 about?
Definition
Referred to the legitimacy of the government in providing social welfare programs
Term
What was the view point of conservatives in the 1935 and 1965 debates?
Definition
Medical care is a private matter
Term
What was the major viewpoint of liberals in the 1935 and 1965 debates?
Definition
Government has duty to serve the elderly and the poor with assistance and insurance programs
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