Term
|
Definition
| Actual competence and performance; does not neccesarily correspond with chronologial age |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The number of years that an individual born in a particular year can expect to live, starting ay any given age |
|
|
Term
| Average Healthy Life Expectancy |
|
Definition
| The number of years a person born in a particular year can expect to live in full health, without disease or injury |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Species-specific biological limit on length of life (in years), corresponding to the age at which the oldest known indivdiual died |
|
|
Term
| Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) |
|
Definition
| Basic self-care tasks required to live on one's own, such as bathing, dressing, getting in and out of bed or a chair, or eating. |
|
|
Term
| Instrumental Activities of daily living (IADLs) |
|
Definition
| Tasks necessary to conduct the business of daily life and also requiring some cognitive competence, such as telephoning, shopping, food preparation, housekeeping, and paying bills. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cloudy areas in the lens, resulting in foggy visiion and withour surgery eventual blindness [effects 25% of people in their 70s and 50% of people in their 80s] |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Central vision blus and gradually is lost as a result of light-sensitive cells in the central region of the retina breaking down |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The immune system is more likely to malfunction by turning against normal body tissue as it ages |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A condition in which breathing ceases for 10 sec or longer, resulting in many bried awakenings |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An array of devices that permit people with disabilities to improve their functioning is available to help older people cope with physical declines |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| As life expectancy extends, we want the average period of diminished vigor before death--especially, the number of months or years of ill-health and suffering--to decrease. |
|
|
Term
| Primary Aging (biological aging) |
|
Definition
| Genetically influenced declines that affect all members of our species and take place even in the context of overall goodhealth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Declines due to hereditary defects and negative environmental influences |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Weakened functioning of diverse organs and body systems, yielding symptoms that profoundly interfere with everyday competence-- unintentional weight loss, self-reported exhaustion, muscle weakness, slow walking speed, and low phsyical activity. This leaves older people highly vulnerable in the face of infection, extrememly hot or cold weather, or injury |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The most common type of arthritis, invovles deteriorating cartilage on the ends of bones of frequently used joints |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of arthritis that invovles the whole body. An autoimmune response leads to inflmmation of connective tissue, particularly the membranes that line the joints, resulting in overall stiffness, inflammation, and aching. Tissue in the cartilage tends to grow, damaging surroung ligaments, muscles, and bones. The result is deformed joints and often serious loss of mobility. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A set of cognitive disorders occuring almost entirely in old age in which many aspects of thought and behavior are so impaired that everyday activties are disrupted. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The most common form of dementia, in which structural and chemical brain deterioration is associated with gradual loss of many aspets of thought and behavior |
|
|
Term
Neurofibrillary Tangles
(in association with Alzheimer's) |
|
Definition
| Bundles of twisted threads that are the product of collapsed neural structures and that contain abnormal forms of a protein called tau |
|
|
Term
Amyloid Plaques
(In association with Alzheimer's) |
|
Definition
| Dense deposits of a deteriorated protein called amyloid, surrounded by clumps of dead nerve and glial cells, develop |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A series of strokes leaves areas of dead brain cells, producing step-by-step degeneration of mental ability, with each step occurring abruptly after a stroke. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A homelike housing arrangement for seniors who require more care than can be provided at home but less then is usually provided in nursing homes. |
|
|
Term
| Selective Optimization with Compensation |
|
Definition
| Older adults narrow their goals, they select personally valued activities to optimize (or maximize) returns from their diminishing energy. They also find new ways to compensate for losses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Automatic form of memory; memory without conscious awareness |
|
|
Term
| Associative Memory Deficit |
|
Definition
| Difficulty creating and retrieving links between peices of information |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Older adults' heightened autobiographical memory for events that occur between ages 10 and 30
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Refers to remembering to engage in planned actions in the future |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Breadth and depth of practical knowledge, ability to reflect on and apply that knowledge in ways that make life more bearable and worthwhile; emotional maturity, including the ability to listen patiently and emphatetically and give sound advice. "Expertise in the conduct and meaning of life" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Knowledge about fundamental concerns of life, including human nature, social relations, and emotions
- Effective strategies for applying that knowledge to making life decisions, handling conflict, and giving advice
- A view of people that considers the multiple demands of their life contexts
- A concern with ultimate human values, such as the common good, as well as respect for individual differences
- Awareness and management of the uncertainties of life
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Refers to acceleration in deterioration of cognitive functioning prior to death |
|
|
