----Consists of the following----

-Central Nervous System (CNS): Brain and Spinal Cord

- Peripheral Nervous System (PNS): All nervous tissue outside the brain and spinal cord

----Functionality----

- somatic nervous system: controls skeletal muscles

- visceral or autonomic nervous system (ANS): controls smooth muscles, cardiac muscle, and glands; regulates responses to stress and helps maintain homeostasis

-Spinal nerves: 31 pairs of nerves that connect with the spinal cord

- Dorsal root of spinal nerve

-Dorsal root ganglion: ganglion is a collection of neuron cell bodies outside the CNS (gangli/o, ganglion/o)

- Central canal

Spinal Cord (myel/o): Nervous tissue contained within the spinal column; extends from the medulla oblongata to second lumbar vertebra

- Dorsal horn

- Gray matter: unmyelinated tissue of the nervous system

- Ventral horn

- White matter: Myelinated tissue in the nervous system

- Ventral root of the spinal nerve

Lobes: Frontal Lobe, Parietal Lobe, Temporal Lobe, and Occipital Lobe

Pons: rounded area on the ventral surface of the brain stem; contains fibers that connect brain regions (adj: pontine)

Medulla Oblongata (medull/o): Portion of the brain that connects with the spinal cord; vital center for control of respiration, heart rate, and blood pressure

- Cerebellum (cerebell/o): Posterior portion of the brain dorals to the pons and medulla; helps to coordinate movement and maintain balance and posture; means "little brain"

-Sulcus: shallow furrow or groove, as on the surface of the cerebrum

- Gyrus: Raised convolution of the surface of the cerebrum

- Cerebrum (cerebr/o): large portion of the brain; divided into two hemispheres by the longitudinal fissure

- Epidural Hematoma: Accumulation of blood in the epidural space (between the dura mater and the skull)

- Subdural Hematoma: Accumulation of blood between the dura mater and arachnoid

- Intracerebral Hematoma: Accumulation of blood  in the cerebrum

- Dura mater: strong, fibrous outermost layer of the meninges

- Meninges (mening/o, meninge/o): three membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord

Transmits impulse AWAY from CNS

- Dendrites: carry impulses toward the cell body

- Axon: carries impulses away from the cell body

- Myelin: a whitish, fatty substance that surrounds certain axons of the nervous system