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Chapter 17
Groundwater
16
Geology
Undergraduate 3
10/29/2011

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Term
Groundwater
Definition
Water located beneath the ground is soil pore spaces and in the fracture of rock formation
Term
Zones from Top to Bottom
Definition
Soil Moisture
Unsaturated Zone - Zone of Aeration
Water Table
Zone of Saturation - Ground Water
Term
Losing Stream
Definition
A stream that losses water as it flows downhill
Term
Gaining Stream
Definition
More common
Gains water volume as it flows downstream
Term
Porosity
Definition
How much space between individual peds
Airspace in the soil
Term
Permeability
Definition
Rate at which water or soil can move through the soil
Term
Aquifier
Definition
Permeable rock/sediment that
transmit water freely
Term
Aquitards
Definition
Impermeable layers that slow
or prevent water movement
Term
Spring
Definition
Occur when the water table intersects with the earth
Term
Hot Spring or Geyser
Definition
The result of ground water migrating through hot, but not molten igenous rock
Term
Well
Definition
A hole drilled into the zone of saturation
Term
Cone of Depression
Definition
Forms when too much water is pumped from a well
Term
Artesian Well
Definition
Water rising to the surface without the use of mechanical well
Formed when water is under pressure or when the aquifier is surrounded by impermeable beds
Term
Karst Topography
Definition
Geologic landfrom shaped b/c of the dissolution of a portion of bedrock
Usually limestone
Sink holes
Term
Land Subsidence
Definition
Occurs when too much water is pumped from underground which makes the above ground collapse
Term
Saltwater Contamination
Definition
The movement of saline water into fresh water aquifiers
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