Term
| How does weather and climate differ? |
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Definition
| Weather - Events occurring now; climate - weather that occurs year long |
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Term
| List the items found in the atmosphere along with its percentage. |
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Definition
| Nitrogen- 78%, Oxygen- 21%, other gases- 2% |
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Term
| Explain the difference between primary pollutants and secondary pollutants. Give examples of each. |
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Definition
| Primary pollutants that enter the atmosphere from a visible source, secondary pollutant - pollutants that enter the atmosphere through other methods |
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Term
| Where is ozone found? What is its purpose? |
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Definition
| Ozone is in the stratosphere - purpose is to lock in heat |
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Term
| What happens to pressure and temperature as you increase in altitude ? |
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Definition
| Pressure and temperature decreases |
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Term
| Explain the differences between rotation and revolution. |
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Definition
| Rotation - spinning on it axis ( day and night ) and revolution - revolving around a body (365.25 days) |
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Term
| List the layers of the atmosphere in order from the earth's surface upward. |
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Definition
| Troposphere,Stratoshere,Mesosphere,Thermosphere |
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Term
| Explain the differences between solstice and equinox. List the dates for the spring and fall equinox as well as the summer and winter solstice. |
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Definition
| Solstice - winter (shorter day and longer night),summer (longer day and shorter night), equinox - day and night are equal in length (fall and spring) |
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Term
| Differentiate between the three ways heat is transferred. |
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Definition
| Condensation, Radiation, Convection |
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Term
| What happens to solar radiation ? |
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Definition
| Solar radiation - 50% is abosrded on earth, 20% is absorbed in clouds, 30% is reflected off clouds |
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Term
| Explain the difference between reflection and scattering. |
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Definition
| Reflection - rays bouncing off clouds, scattering - rays are moving in all directions |
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Term
| List the ways temperature can vary on earth. |
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Definition
| Land heats up pick quick and cools quickly, water heats up slowly and cools slowly, as you move up a mountain temperatures cool off, as you move up altitude temperatures cool down, clouds help lock in the temperatures at night and reflect off radiation during the day |
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Term
| How do temperatures vary from land to sea ? |
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Definition
| Lands heat up quick and cools down quickly, water heats up slowly and cools slowly |
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Term
| What is albedo and how does it change from day to night ? |
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Definition
| Clouds help lock in the temperature at night and reflect off radiation during the day |
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Term
| How does altitude affect temperatures ? |
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Definition
| As you move up in altitude temperature cool down |
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Term
| Explain air pressure. What unit do we measure pressure ? |
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Definition
| Air pressure in a force exerted in all directions,millibars |
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Term
| What is barometer ? list the two types. |
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Definition
| Tool measuring air pressure, mercury and aneroid |
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Term
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Definition
| Sun and pressure differences |
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Term
| Wind move from a ____ to ____ pressure systems. |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe an isobar. What happens if they are closely spaced together? Far apart? |
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Definition
| Isobars are lines of equal pressure, closely spaced lines are low pressure and widely spaced lines are high pressure |
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Term
| Describe a high and low pressure system. Include weather conditions too. |
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Definition
| High pressure system - good weather (anti-cyclone moving clockwise),low pressure system - stormy weather (cyclone-clockwise) |
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Term
| What direction does the Coriolis effect spin in the northern hemisphere ? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does friction affect wind ? |
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Definition
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Term
| What direction does the jet stream travel in the northern hemisphere ? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the movement of cyclones and anticyclones. |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the movement of trade winds, westerlies and polar easterlies. |
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Definition
| cyclones move counterclockwise, anti-cyclones move clockwise |
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Term
| Explain the differences between land and sea breezes. How are they different in the day as to the night ? |
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Definition
| trade winds move east to west, westerlies - move to west to east, polar easterlies move east to west |
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Term
| What instrument is used to determine the direction of the wind ? |
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Definition
| land breezes occur at night where wind moves from the land to sea, sea breezes occur during the day where wind moves from the sea to land |
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Term
| How do you classify the direction of the wind ? |
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Definition
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Term
| what instrument is used to measure the speed of wind ? |
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Definition
| by the direction it came from |
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Term
| Describe the difference between El Nino and La Nino |
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Definition
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