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| government actions that affect countries, corporations, groups, or individuals outside America's borders |
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| independent acts of foreign policy undertaken by a nation without the assistance or coordination of other nations |
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| unlateral action (national) |
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| foreign policy carried out by a nation in coordination with other nations or internatinoal organizations |
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| the idea that the United States should refrain from involvement in international affairs |
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| the idea that the united states should be involved in the affairs of other nations, out of both self-interest and moral obligation |
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| the idea that a country's foreign policy decisions are motivated by self-interest and the goal of gaining more power |
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| the idea that a country's foreign policy decisions are based on factors beyond self-interest, including upholding important principles or values |
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| the use of American resources, including the military, to help create democratic institutions abroad and prevent violence in other countries |
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| the American policy initiated under President James Monroe in 1823 stating that the United States would remain neutral in conflicts between European nations, and that these nations should stop colonizing or occupying areas of North and South America |
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| the period of tension and arms competition between the United States and the Soviet Union that lasted from 1954 and 1991 |
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| An important feature of American cold war policy in which the United States used diplomatic, economic, and military strategies in an effort to prevent the Soviet Union from expanding its influence |
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| the idea that two nations that possess large stores of nuclear weapons--like the United States and the Soviet Union during the cold war--would both be annihilated in any nuclear exchange, thus making it unlikely that either country would launch a first attack |
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| mutually assured destruction |
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| an idea held by American foreign policy makers during the Cold War that the creation of one Soviet-backed communist nation would lead to the spread of communism in that nation's region |
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| an approach to foreign policy in which cultural exchanges and negotiations are used to reduce tensions between rival nations, such as between the United States and the Soviet Unino during the 1970s |
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| the foreign policy of President George W. Bush, under which the United States would use military force preemptively against threats to its national security |
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| within the executive office of the president, a committee that advises the president on matters of foreign policy |
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| nation security council (NSC) |
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| groups operated by private institutions (rather than governments) to promote growth, economic development, and other agendas throughout the world |
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| nongovernmental organizations |
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| a nongovernmental organization established in 1944 that provides financial support for ecnomic development projects in developing nations |
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| a nongovernmental organization established in 1944 to help stablizize the internation monetary system, improve economic growth, and aid developing nations |
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| international monetary fund |
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| an international organization made up of representatives from nearly every nation, with a mission to promote peace and cooperation, uphold international law, and provide humanitarian aid |
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| a tax levied on imported and exported goods |
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| a contract between nations that specifies tariff levels and sets terms on which goods cna be imported and exported |
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| designated areas where tariff on imports and exports between specific countries do not apply |
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| an international organization created in 1995 to oversee trade agreements between nations by facilitating negotiations and handling disputes |
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| a standing awarded to countries with which the united states has good trade relations, providing the lowest possible tariff rate. World Trade Organization members must give one another this preferred status |
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| most favored nation status |
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| a trade penalty that one nation places on another to encourage the penalized nation to change its actions ro policies |
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| teh process of negotitation on international issues between national leaders |
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| negotitations carried out by a third party mediator who travels between two nations to relay information when those two nations' negotiators refuse to meet face-to-face |
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| a formal written agreement between nations involving security, trade or economic development, human rights, or other important policies |
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| an agreement between two or more countries pledging support if one of those countries is attacked |
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| an international alliance between the United States, Canada, and several European nations originally created to provide security against teh Soviet Union during the Cold War |
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| North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) |
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| treaties between two nations |
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| treaties among multiple nations |
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| an international agreement signed in 1997 that set limits on carbon emission in an effort to slow global warming |
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| the theory that terrorism is motivated by a hatred of western culture and religion |
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| weapons that have the potential to cause large-scale loss of life, such as nuclear bombs and chemical or biological weapons |
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| weapons of mass destruction (WMDs) |
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| What is the War Powers Act and when did it occur? |
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| the war powers act eventually turned into the war powers resolution of 1973 which is a federal law that checks the president the power to commit the united states to an armed conflict without the consent of congress |
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| What is the US department of state? |
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| the United States federal executive deparment responsible for international relations of the United States. The department was created in 1789 and was the first executive department created. |
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| What is the US defense department? |
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| the US defense department is in charge of coordinating and supervising any agencies or function associated with national security and the United States Armed Forces |
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| What is the US defense department? |
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| the US defense department is in charge of coordinating and supervising any agencies or function associated with national security and the United States Armed Forces |
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| money, food, or othe resources given or lent by one country to another. The United States designates .2% of its gross domestic income to foreign aid |
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| What are intelligence agencies? |
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| agencies that are responsible for the collection and analysis of information and intelligence in support of law enforcement, national security, defense, and foreign policy objectives. One way of gathering information is through espionage. An example of an intelligence agency would be the CIA (central intelligence agency) |
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| he was the first leader of North Korea. He began leading North Korea in 1948, the year of its establishment, and stopped his reign in 1994 when he died. His leadership became very cult-like. |
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| he is the current leader of north korea; he is the grandson of kim il sung; he is only 28 years old making him the world's youngest head of state |
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| What is the thirty eighth parallel? |
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| the 38th parallel was first suggested as a dividing line for Korea in 1896. The Russian empire was attempting to pull Korea under its control and the Japanase empire had just gained rights in Korea. To avoid any tension, the Japanese people proposed to the Russian empire to split Korea along the thirty eigth parallel. No formal agreement was reached and the Japanese took full control in 1910.Japanese surrendered in 1945 and in 1948, the US War Navy Committee split Korea into North Korea in South Korea on the thrity eighth parallel. |
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| What is nuclear proliferation? |
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| the spread of nuclear weapons, fissile material, and nuclear technology/information to nations not recognized as nuclear weapon states |
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| What is an aircraft carrier? |
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| a warship that serves as a base for aircrafts to take off from and to land on |
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