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Chapter 17
Key Terms
18
Science
9th Grade
12/07/2011

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Term
element
Definition
a fundamental material consisting of only one type of atom
Term
periodic table
Definition
a chart in which all known elements are organized by their properties
Term
symbol
Definition
an abbreviation for an elemnt or atom
Term
atomic nucleus
Definition
the dense, positively charged center of every atom
Term
electron
Definition
an extremely small, negatively charged subatomic particle found outside the atomic nucleus
Term
proton
Definition
a positively charged subatomic particle of the atomic nucleus
Term
atomic number
Definition
a count of the number of protons in the atomic nucleus
Term
neutron
Definition
an electrically neutral subatomic particle of the atomic nucleus
Term
nucleon
Definition
any subatomic particle found in the atomic nucleus. another name for either proton or neutron
Term
isotope
Definition
atoms of the same element whose nuclei contain the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
Term
mass number
Definition
the number of nucleons (protons and neutrons) in the atomic nucleus. used primarily to identify isotopes
Term
atomic mass
Definition
the mass of an element's atoms listed in the periodic table as an average value based on the relative abundance of the element's isotopes
Term
metal
Definition
an element that is shiny, opaque, and able to conduct electricity and heat
Term
nonmetal
Definition
an element located toward the upper right of the periodic table and is neither a metal nor a metalloid
Term
metalloid
Definition
an element that exhibits some properties of metals and some properties of nonmetals
Term
period
Definition
a horizontal row in the periodic table
Term
group
Definition
a vertical column in the periodic table, also known as a family of elements
Term
periodic trend
Definition
the gradual change of any property in their elements across a period
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