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Chapter 16
Chapter 16 Key Terms & Concepts
13
Criminology
12th Grade
07/01/2011

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Term
Bore
Definition
The interior of a firearm barrel.
Term
Breechblock
Definition
The rear part of a firearm barrel.
Term
Caliber
Definition
The diameter of the fore of a rifled firearm, usually expressed in hundredths of an inch or millimeters - for example, .22 caliber & 9mm.
Term
Choke
Definition
An interior constriction placed at or near the muzzle end of a shotgun's barrel to control shot dispersion.
Term
Distance Determination
Definition
The process of determining the distance between the firearm and a target, usually based on the distribution of powder patterns or the spread of a shot pattern.
Term
Ejector
Definition
The mechanism in a firearm that throws the cartridge or fired case from the firearm.
Term
Extractor
Definition
The mechanism ina firearm by which a cartridge or fired case is withdrawn from the chamber.
Term
Firearms Identification
Definition
A discipline mainly concerned with determining whether a bullet or cartridge was fired by a particular weapon.
Term
Gauge
Definition
Size designation of a shotgun, originally the number of lead balls with the same diameter as the barrel that would make a pound. The only exception is the .410 shotgun, in which bore size is 0.41 inch.
Term
Greiss Test
Definition
A chemical test used to develop patterns of gunpowder residues around bullet holes.
Term
Grooves
Definition
The cut or low-lying portions between the lands in a rifled bore.
Term
Lands
Definition
The raised portion between the grooves in a rifled bore.
Term
Rifling
Definition
The spiral grooves formed in the bore of a firearm barrel that impart spin to the projectile when it is fired.
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