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Definition
| a speech that has a goal to influence the attitudes, values, beliefs, or behavior of audience members |
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| a declarative sentence that clearly indicates the speaker's position on the topic |
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| not knowing enough about a topic to have formed an opinion |
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| knowing the basics about a topic but still having no opinion about it |
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| having no opinion because one is uninterested, unconcerned, or indifferent to a topic |
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| the collective reasons and evidence used to support a proposition |
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| main point statements that sumarize several related pieces of evidence and show why you should believe or do something |
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| support a claim by providing one or more individual examples |
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| support a claim with a single comparable example that is significantly similar to the subject of the claim |
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| support a claim by citing evidence that shows one or more events always or almost always bring about, lead to, create, or prevent another event of effect. |
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| support a claim by citing information that signals the claim |
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| a fallacy that presents a generalization that is either not supported with evidence or is supported with only one weak example |
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| a fallacy that occurs when the alleged cause fails to be related to , or to produce, the effect |
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| a fallacy that occurs when one attacks the person making the argument, rather than the argument itself |
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| the audience perception that the speaker understands, empathizes with, and is responsive to them |
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| forces acting on or within an organism to initiate and direct behavior |
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| a reward promised if a particular action is taken or goal is reached |
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| statement of reasons pattern |
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| a straightforward organization in which you present the best-supported reasons you can find |
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| comparative advantages pattern |
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| an organization that allows you to place all the emphasis on the superiority of the proposed course of action |
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| criteria satisfaction pattern |
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| an organization that first seeks audience agreement on criteria that should be considered when they evaluate a particular proposition and then shows how the proposition satisfies those criteria |
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| an organization that argues that a particular problem can be solved by implementing a recommended solution |
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| motivated sequence pattern |
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| an organization that combines the problem solution pattern with explicit appeals designed to motivate the audience to act |
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Term
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Definition
Main point statements that summarize
several related pieces of evidence and
show why you should believe or do
something |
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