Term
| What is Absolute Poverty? |
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Definition
| denotes a standard of living so low that a person cannot obtain adequate nutrition or shelter. |
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Term
| What is Relative Poverty? |
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Definition
in contrast, if one has sufficient means in relation to prevailing community standards.
ie; food to eat and roof over head shall be defined as poor in relative terms. |
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Term
| What is a Measure of poverty? |
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Definition
| Is a systematic tool that enables determination of the level of income below which an individual or family is said to be living in poverty. |
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Term
| What is LICO (Low Income Cut-Off)? |
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Definition
| The LICO is based on the share of income an average Canadian family devotes to food, clothing, and shelter-and hence assesses relative poverty by applying community standards to prevailing benchmark-and then adds 20% to this amount. |
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Term
| Another measure of poverty is the |
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Definition
| Low Income Measure, or LIM. The LIM is equivalent to 50% of the median family income. |
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Term
| What is the Market Basket Measure? (MBM) |
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Definition
| This measure is based on the actual market costs of shelter, food, clothing and footwear, transportation, and other goods and services- such as hygeine products or furniture. |
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Term
| Four important points are essential in any discussion of measures of poverty are |
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Definition
1. All measures of poverty are relative
2. All measures of poverty are arbitrary
3.Measures of poverty measure the incomes of groups of ppl and not individual need.
4. Any poverty line may be called into question because of points 1-3 above ( National Council of Welfare, 1999) |
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Term
| What factors contribute to poverty in Canada? |
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Definition
| One is the growing inability of provincial minimum wage levels to keep pace with inflation. |
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Term
| What is a key cause to poverty in Canada? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two major forms of income security programs? |
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Definition
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Term
| Selective programs- what are they? |
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Definition
-long history going back to Elizabethan Poor laws in England and were brought to Canada by European Colonizers.
-Unemployment relief was a selective program.-(also called social assistance)-involves a transfer of $ from a level of government to an individual. |
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Term
| What is the eligibility for the Selective Program |
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Definition
Based on a means test. A Means test is carried out by a SW to evaluate, first, a person's financial resources,-income, assets, debts, and other obligations- # of dependants or level of health
-may stigmatize ppl |
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Term
| What are UNIVERSAL Programs? |
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Definition
| provide cash benefits to all individuals in a society who fall into certain category. They differ from selective programs in that eligibility is a right of citizenship, that that a requirement that one prove personal eligibiltiy through a means test. |
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Term
| What is an progressive Income Tax system.... |
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Definition
| The proportion of taxes one pays increases with earnings, those with a greater ability to pay more do so. |
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Term
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Definition
| Taxes are collected on an ability to pay basis |
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Term
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Definition
| is a cash payment to an individual or family based on a demographic characteristic (usually age) as opposed to need; one example is OLD AGE SECURITY |
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Term
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Definition
| refers to selective income-security programs that apply a means or needs test to determine eligibility; these are often administered at the provincial or local government level, depending on the province. |
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Term
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Definition
| refers to income security programs in which eligibility for benefits is determined by a person's previous record of contribution |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Average levels of unemployment in the 1990's were the highest they had been since when? |
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Definition
| The Great Depression of the 1930's |
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Term
| What is CAP? ( Canada Assistance Plan) |
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Definition
was a funding agreement that enabled the federal government to cost-share with the provinces those constitutionally prescribed provincial responsibilities for the delivery of education, health, and social service commitments
-was a social policy.. relatively equal standards of services across the provinces. and a reliable funding base to acheive these ends.. |
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Term
| What are listed under the Federal Government Programs |
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Definition
-Employment Insurance
-Canada Pension Plan/Quebec Pension Plan
-Old Age Security
-Guaranteed Income Supplement
-Spouses Allowance
-Veteran's Pensions
-War Veterans Allowance
Resettlement Assistance Program
Child Tax Benefit |
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Term
| What are listed under the Provincial Government Programs? |
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Definition
-Workers Compensation
-Social Assistance
-Provincial Top-Ups for the Elderly |
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Term
| What Are income security Programs? |
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Definition
-several levels of govn't deliver income security programs
-part transfers to persons and transfers to the governments. |
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