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Definition
| Neck. Usually means the lower narrow portion (neck) of the uterus (root: cervic/o); cervix uteri |
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Definition
| A small erectile body anterior to the urethral opening that is similar in origin to the penis (roots: clitor/o, clitorid/o) |
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Definition
| The prevention of pregnancy |
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Definition
| The small yellow structure that develops from the ovarian follicle after ovulation and secretes progesterone and estrogen |
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Definition
| A blind pouch, such as the recess between the rectum and the uterus; the rectouterine pouch or pouch of Douglas |
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Definition
| The inner lining of the uterus |
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| A group of hormones that produce female characteristics and prepare the uterus for the fertilized egg. The most active of these is estradiol |
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| The long fingerlike extensions of the oviduct that wave to capture the released ovum (singular: fimbria) |
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Term
| FOLLICLE-STIMULATING HORMONE (FSH) |
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Definition
| A hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary that acts on the gonads. In the female, it stimulates ripening of ova in the ovary |
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Definition
| An archlike space, such as the space between the uppermost wall of the vagina and the cervix; from Latin meaning "arch" |
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| The two large folds of skin that form the sides of the vulva (root labi/o means "lip") (singular: labium majus) |
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Definition
| The two small folds of skin within the labia majora (singular: labium minus) |
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Definition
| A hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary that acts on the gonads. In the female, it stimulates ovulation and corpus luteum formation |
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Definition
| A specialized gland capable of secreting milk in the female (roots: mamm/o, mast/o); the breast |
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Definition
| The first menstrual period, which normally occurs during puberty |
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Definition
| Cessation of menstrual cycles in the female |
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Definition
| The cyclic discharge of blood and mucosal tissues from the lining of the nonpregnant uterus (roots:men/o, mens); menstrual period, menses |
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Definition
| The muscular wall of the uterus |
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Definition
| The cluster of cells in which the ovum ripens in the ovary. Also called graafian follicle |
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Definition
| A female gonad (roots: ovari/o, oophor/o) |
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Definition
| A tube extending from the upper lateral portion of the uterus that carries the ovum to the uterus (root: salping/o). Also called fallopian or uterine tube |
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Definition
| The release of mature ovum from the ovary (from ovule, meaning "little egg") |
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Definition
| The female gamete or reproductive cell (roots: oo, ov/o) (plural: ova) |
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Definition
| The region between the thighs from the external genitalia to the anus (root: perine/o) |
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Definition
| A hormone produced by the corpus luteum and the placenta that maintains the endometrium for pregnancy |
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Term
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Definition
| Surgical constriction of the oviducts to produce sterilization |
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Definition
| The organ that receives the fertilized egg and maintains the developing offspring during pregnancy (roots: uter/o, metr, hyster/o) |
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Definition
| The muscular tube between the cervix and the vulva (roots: vagin/o, colp/o) |
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Term
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Definition
| The external female genital organs (roots: vulv/o, episi/o) |
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Definition
| Infection with the fungus Candida, a common cause of vaginitis |
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Definition
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Definition
| Growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus, usually in the pelvic cavity |
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Term
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Definition
| Benign tumor of smooth muscle (see leiomyoma) |
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Term
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Definition
| Benign tumor of smooth muscle, usually in the uterine wall (myometrium). In the uterus, may cause bleeding and pressure on the bladder or rectum. Also called fibroid or myoma |
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Term
| PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE (PID) |
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Definition
| Condition caused by the spread of infection from the reproductive tract into the pelvic cavity. Commonly caused by sexually transmitted gonorrhea and chlamydial infections |
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Term
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Definition
| Inflammation of the oviduct, typically caused by urinary tract infection or sexually transmitted infection. Chronic salpingitis may lead to infertility or ectopic pregnancy (develop,ment of the fertilized egg outside of the uterus) |
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Definition
| Inflammation of the vagina |
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Definition
| Instrument for examining the vagina and cervix |
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Definition
| removal of a cone of tissue from the cervical lining for cytologic examination; also call conization |
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Term
| DILATION AND CURETTAGE (D&C) |
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Definition
| Procedure in which the cervix is dilated (widened) and the uterine lining is scraped with a curette |
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Definition
| Surgical removal of the uterus. Most commonly done because of tumors. Often the oviducts and ovaries are removed as well |
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Definition
| Radiographic study of the breast for the detection of breast cancer |
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Definition
| Excision of the breast to eliminate malignancy |
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Definition
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| Study of cells collected form the cervix and vagina for early detection of cancer. Also called Papanicolaou smear or Pap test |
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Definition
| Surgical removal of the oviduct |
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Definition
| Biopsy of the first lymph nodes to receive drainage from a tumor; used to determine spread of cancer in planning treatment |
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Definition
| Needle bipsy using a computer-guided imaging system to locate suspicious tissue and remove samples for study |
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Definition
| The membranous sac filled with fluid that holds the fetus; also called amnion |
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Definition
| The outermost layer of the embryo that, with the endometrium, forms the placenta (adjective: chorionic) |
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Definition
| Breast fluid that is secreted in the first few days after giving birth, before milk is produced |
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Definition
| A fetal blood vessel that connects the pulmonary artery with the descending aorta, thus allowing blood to bypass the lungs |
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Definition
| The stage in development between the zygote and the fetus, extending from the second through the eighth week of growth in the uterus (root: embry/o); adjective: embryonic |
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Definition
| The union of an ovum and a spermatozoon |
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Definition
| The developing child in the uterus from the third month to birth (root: fet/o); adjective: fetal |
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Definition
| A small hole in the interatrial septum in the fetal heart that allows blood to pass directly from the right to the left side of the heart |
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Definition
| The period of development from gestation to birth |
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Definition
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Term
| HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN |
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Definition
| A hormone secreted by the embryo early in pregnancy that maintains the corpus luteum so that it will continue to secrete hormones |
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Definition
| The secretion of milk from the mammary glands |
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Definition
| A pituitary hormone that stimulates contractions of the uterus. It also stimulates release ("letdown") of milk from the breasts |
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Definition
| Woman who has produced a viable infant. Multiple births are considered as single pregnancies |
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Term
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Definition
| Childbirth (root: nat/i); labor (root: toc/o) |
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Definition
| The organ, composed of fetal and maternal tissues, that nourishes and maintains the developing fetus |
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Term
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Definition
| A group of hormones with varied effects, including the stimulation of uterine contractions |
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Definition
| The structure that connects the fetus to the placenta. It contains vessels that carry blood between the mother and the fetus |
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Definition
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Definition
| Termination of a pregnancy before the fetus is capable of surviving outside the uterus, usually at 20 weeks or 500 g. May be spontaneous or induced. A spontaneous abortion is commonly called a miscarriage |
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Term
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Definition
| Congenital absence of a brain |
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Term
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Definition
| Congenital absence or closure of a normal body opening |
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Definition
| An individual who has an unexpressed genetic defect that can be passed to his or her children |
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Term
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Definition
| A congenital split in the roof of the mouth |
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Definition
| A disorder that is present at birth. May be developmental or hereditary (familial) |
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Definition
| Convulsions and coma occurring during pregnancy or after delivery and associated with the conditions of pregnancy-induced hypertension; adjective: eclamptic |
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Definition
| Development of the fertilized ovum outside the body of the uterus. Usually occurs in the oviduct (tubal pregnancy) but may occur in other parts of the reproductive tract or abdominal cavity |
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Term
| HEMOLYTIC DISEASE OF THE NEWBORN (HDN) |
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Definition
| Disease that results from Rh incompatibility between the blood of a mother and her fetus. An Rh-negative mother produces antibody to Rh-positive fetal red cells that enter her circulation. These antibodies can destroy Rh-positive fetal red cells in a later pregnancy unless the mother is treated with antibodies to remove the Rh antigen. Formerly called erythroblastosis fetalis |
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Definition
| Inflammation of the breast, usually associated with the early weeks of breastfeeding |
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Definition
| A change in the genetic material of the cell. Most mutations are harmful. If the change appears in the sex cells, it can be passed to future genertations |
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Definition
| Premature separation of the placenta; abruptio placentae |
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Definition
| Placental attachment in the lower portion of the uterus instead of the upper portion, as is normal. May result in hemorrhage late in pregnancy |
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Term
| PREGNANCY-INDUCED HYPERTENSION (PIH) |
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Definition
| A toxic condition of late pregnancy associated with hypertension, edema, and proteinuria that, if untreated, may lead to eclampsia. Also called preeclampsia and toxemia of preganancy |
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Definition
| German measles. The virus can cross the placenta and cause fetal abnormalities, such as eye defects, deafness, heart abnormalities, and mental retardation. The virus is most damaging during the first trimester |
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Definition
| A congenital defect in the closure of the spinal column through which the spinal cord and its membranes amy project |
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Definition
| A factor that causes developmental abnormalities in the fetus (root terat/o means "malformed fetus") adjective: teratogenic |
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Term
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Definition
| Transabdominal puncture of the amniotic sac to remove amniotic fluid for testing. Tests on the cells and fluid obtained can reveal congenital abnormalities, blood incompatibility, and sex of the fetus |
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Term
| CHORIONIC VILLLUS SAMPLING (CVS) |
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Definition
| Removal of chorionic cells through the cervix for prenatal testing. Can be done earlier in pregnancy than amniocentesis |
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Term
| DILATATION AND EVACUATION (D&E) |
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Definition
| Widening of the cervix and removal of conception products by suction |
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Definition
| A picture of cellular chromosomes arranged in order of decreasing size; can reveal abnormalities in the chromosomes themselves or in their number or arrangement (root kary/o means nucleus) |
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Definition
| The use of high frequency sound waves to produce a photograph of an organ or tissue. Used in obstetrics to diagnose pregnancy, multiple births, and abnormalities and also to study and measure the fetus. The image obtained is a sonogram or ultrasonogram |
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