Term
| what does the larynx consist of? |
|
Definition
| an outer casing of 9 cartilages |
|
|
Term
| what connects the 9 cartilages of the larynx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the upper pair of vocal cords called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is another name for the false vocal cords |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the lower pair of vocal cords called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is another name for the true vocal cords |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what controls the pitch of the voice |
|
Definition
| changing tension on the vocal cords |
|
|
Term
| what controls the loudness of the voice |
|
Definition
| the increase or decrease of the force of air vibrating the vocal cords |
|
|
Term
| during normal breathing how is the glottis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what happens during swallowing? |
|
Definition
| the false vocal cords and epiglottis close off the glottis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| air rushing through the voice box and the vibration of the vocal cords |
|
|
Term
| where does the air go after it reaches the larynx |
|
Definition
| into the thoracic cavity through the trachea |
|
|
Term
| what is inflammation of the mucus epithelium of the true vocal cords called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what extends downward to the esophagus and into the thoracic cavity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the trachea split into |
|
Definition
| the left and right bronchi |
|
|
Term
| what is the inner wall of the trachea lined with |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the walls of the trachea made up of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are c-shaped rings made up of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what do c-shaped rings do |
|
Definition
-protect the trachea
-make trachea flexible
-keep trachea from collapsing or overexpanding |
|
|
Term
| what do the cells that line the trachea do |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| helps trap things in the air like dust and microorganisms |
|
|
Term
| what does the bronchial tree consist of |
|
Definition
| branched tubes that lead form the trachea to the alveoli |
|
|
Term
| what does the primary bronchi divide into |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how many secondary bronchi are found in the left lung |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how many secondary bronchi are found in the right lung |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what do the secondary bronchi do |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the secondary bronchi branch into |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the tertiary bronchi extend into |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the bronchial tree eventually give rise to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what do the bronchioles eventually give rise to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what do the terminal bronchioles eventually divide into |
|
Definition
| the respiratory bronchioles |
|
|
Term
| what does each respiratory bronchiole divide into |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the alveolar duct end as |
|
Definition
| a cluster of air sacs called alveoli |
|
|
Term
| cluster of air sacs at the end of each alveolar duct |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where does gas exchange between the blood and air occur |
|
Definition
| the thin epithelial cells of the alveoli |
|
|
Term
| the principal organs of respiration |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the lungs seperated by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the lungs enclosed by |
|
Definition
| the diaphragm and thoracic cage |
|
|
Term
| place where bronchi, vessels, and nerves enter each lung |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the three lobes of the right lung called |
|
Definition
-superior
-middle LOBES
-inferior |
|
|
Term
| what are the two lobes of the left lung called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is each lobe composed of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| air passages, alveoli, nerves, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and connective tissues |
|
|
Term
| what is each lung surrounded by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is each pleural cavity lined with |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the visceral pleura fold into |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the visceral pleura attached to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the parietal pleura do |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what lubricates the pleura cavity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| proces of moving air into and out of the lungs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| movement of air into the lungs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| force that movies air into the lungs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what happens when the pressure on the inside of the lungs decreases |
|
Definition
| higher pressure air flows in from the outside |
|
|
Term
| how is air pressure inside the lungs decreased |
|
Definition
| by increasing the size of the thoracic cavity |
|
|
Term
| what muscles are involved in expanding the thoracic cavity |
|
Definition
| diaphragm and external intercostal muscles |
|
|
Term
| what does the surfactant do |
|
Definition
| keeps the alveoli from sticking to each other so they do not collapse when internal air pressure is low |
|
|
Term
| movement of air out of the lungs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the forces of expiration due to |
|
Definition
-the elastic recoil of lung and muscle tissues
- the surface tension within the alveoli |
|
|
Term
| what is forced expiration aided by |
|
Definition
| the thoracic and abdominal wall muscles |
|
|
Term
| where is the diaphragm located |
|
Definition
| along the bottom of the ribcage |
|
|
Term
| what does the diaphragm do |
|
Definition
| seperates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity |
|
|
Term
| where do the intercostal muscles lie? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where is the diaphragm befor inspiration |
|
Definition
| curved upward into the chest |
|
|
Term
| what happens when the diaphragm moves down during inspiration |
|
Definition
-volume of the thoracic cavity increases
-the air pressure inside the lungs decreases |
|
|
Term
| what happens when the diaphragm relaxes after inspiration |
|
Definition
| the volume of the air in the thoracic cavity decreases |
|
|
Term
| what is the major muscle of inspiration during quiet breathing |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what two reasons do the lungs collapse |
|
Definition
-elastic recoil in the lungs
-surface tension of the fluid thal lines the alveoli |
|
|
Term
| the factors that keep the lungs from collapsing |
|
Definition
-surfactant
-tendency of visceral pleurae to adhere to parietal pleura |
|
|
Term
| mixture of lipoprotein molecules produced by the secretory cells of the alveoli epithelium |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| process of measuring voluems of air that move into and out of the respiratory system |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| device used to measure the pulmonary volumes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-tidal
-inspiratory reserve
-expiratory reserve VOLUME
-residual |
|
|
Term
| volume of air inspired or expired during quiet breathing |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| amount of air that can be inspired forcefully after inspiration of the normal tidal volume |
|
Definition
| inspiratory reserve volume |
|
|
Term
| amount of air that can be expired forcefully after expiration of the normal tidal volume |
|
Definition
| expiratory reserve volume |
|
|
Term
| volume of air still remaining in the respiratory passages and lungs after a maximum expiration |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| sum of two or more pulmonary volumes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| sum of the inspiratory reserve, tidal, and expiratory volume |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| maximum volume of air a person can expel after a max. inspiration |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| vital capacity plus residual volume |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| tidal volume plus the inspiratory reserve volume |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| amount of air a pereson can inspire after a normal expiration |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| expiratory reserve volume plus the residual volume |
|
Definition
| functional residual capacity |
|
|
Term
| amount of air remaining in the lungs at the end of a normal expiration |
|
Definition
| functional residual capacity |
|
|
Term
| rate at which lung volume changes during direct measurement of the vital capacity |
|
Definition
| forced expiratory vital capacity |
|
|
Term
| test in which person inspires max. and exhales max. as rapidly as possible |
|
Definition
| forced expiratory vital capacity |
|
|
Term
| what does the spirometer record |
|
Definition
| volume of air expired per second |
|
|
