Term
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Definition
| the ability to cause disease by overwhelming the defense of the host |
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Term
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Definition
| the extent of a pathogen's ability to cause damage |
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Term
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Definition
1.Mucous membranes
2.Skin
3.Parenteral Routes |
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Term
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Definition
| Infectious dos for 50% of host cells |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
1.Adhesions(ligands)
2.Glycocalyx
3. Fimbriae |
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Term
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Definition
(ligands)
pathogen's surface molecules that bind specifically to receptors on host cell; has specificity like a lock and key |
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Term
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Definition
slimy, sticky material made of polysaccharides and polypeptides; used by bacteria to attach onto surfaces
Ex Streptococcus mutans |
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Term
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Definition
man short hair-like protein appendages used for attachment
ex Neisseria gonorrhoeae and E. coli |
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Term
Penetration of Host Defenses
ACCCE |
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Definition
1.Capsules
2.Enzymes
3.Cell Wall Components
4.Antigenic Variation
5. Cytoskeleton |
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Term
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Definition
prevent phagocytosis by host cells
Anthrax and Strep (pneumonia) |
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Term
| Enzymes Penetrate host defenses |
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Definition
1.Leukocidines
2. Hemolysins
3. Bacterial Kinase
4. Hyaluronidase
5. Collagenases
6. IgA proteases |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| weakens connective tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| Break down substances that hold cells together |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| destroy phagocytes (neutrophils) |
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Term
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Definition
| cell walls can contain chemicals that make pathogens more virulent like strep pyogenes has M proteins for attachment |
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Term
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Definition
| pathogens evade antibodies by changing their surface antigens |
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Term
| 3 ways to Damage to Host cells |
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Definition
1.Direct Damage (multiply inside host cell)
2.Lysogenic Conversion (acquire new genes from bacteriophage)
3.Production of Toxin (exotoxins and endotoxins) |
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Term
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Definition
-produced inside Gram + bacteria
-secreted out
-made of highly toxic proteins |
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Term
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Definition
1. a-b toxins ex E. coli
2. Membrane Disrupting toxins
3. Superantigens |
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Term
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Definition
A=active enzyme part-inhibits protein synthesis
B=Binding Part |
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Term
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Definition
-Made of lipids
-found in the outer membrane of Gram -
-endotoxins are released when macrophages engulf them
-cause fever and shock |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Pathogenic Properties of Viruses |
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Definition
1. Evade host's defenses by growing inside host cells
2. Damage host by cell lysis, cell fusion, antigenic changes, chromosomal changes, stopping mitosis
3. Cytopathic Effects-visible masses of cells showing signs of infetion |
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Term
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Definition
| skin, mucus membrane, parenteral routes |
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