Term
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Definition
BLOCKS NEURONAL VOLTAGE-GATED Na+ CHANNELS
Focal and Secondary Generalized seizures
Seizures related to eclampsia
Neuralgia
Ventricular arrythmias |
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Term
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Definition
Adverse Effects:
pancytopenia
thrombocytopenia
megaloblastic anemia
incoordination
hirsutism
increases P450 activity |
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Term
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Definition
BLOCKS NEURONAL VOLTAGE-GATED Na+ CHANNELS
Focal and toni-clonic seizures
DRUG OF CHOICE FOR FOCAL SEIZURES
Bipolar 1 disorder
Trigeminal neuralgia |
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Term
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Definition
Adverse Effects:
Aplastic enemia
leukopenia
av-block
hypocalcemia
prphyria
hepatitis
nephrotoxicity |
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Term
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Definition
BLOCKS NEURONAL VOLTAGE-GATED Na+ CHANNELS
Focal and tonic-clonic seizures
Atypical absence seizures
Bipolar 1 disorder
THIRD DRUG OF CHOICE FOR ABSENCE SEIZURES |
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Term
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Definition
BLOCKS NEURONAL VOLTAGE-GATED Na+ CHANNELS AND MAY AFFECT NEURONAL GROWTH AND NMDA RECEPTORS
Adjunct therapy for focal seizures
AE: nasopharyngitis, ataxia
Caution with cardiac conduction problems
No apparent interactions with other medications |
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Term
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Definition
INHIBIT LOW THRESHOLD T-type Ca++ CHANNEL
Absence seizures
First line therapy for uncomplicated absence seizures |
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Term
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Definition
AE: bone marrow suppression
SLE
Steven-Johnson's syndrome |
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Term
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Definition
INHIBIT LOW THRESHOLD T-type Ca++ CHANNEL
ALSO Na+ CHANNEL INHIBITOR
INCREASES GABA |
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Term
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Definition
Tonic-clonic seizures
Absence seizures (including atypical)
Focal seizures
MOST EFFECTIVE AND DRUG OF CHOICE FOR IDIOPATHIC GENERALIZED SEIZURES
SECOND DRUG OF CHOICE FOR ABSENCE SEIZURES |
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Term
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Definition
HEPATOTOXICITY
Pancreatitis
Thrombocytopenia
Hyperammonemia
Contra: Liver disease and urea cycle disorders |
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Term
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Definition
INHIBITS HIGH VOLTAGE ACTIVATED Ca++ CHANNELS
Focal seizures
DIABETIC PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY
Prophylaxis of migraines |
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Term
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Definition
INHIBITS HIGH VOLTAGE ACTIVATED Ca++ CHANNELS
Adjunct for focal seizures
DIABETIC PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY
FIBROMYALGIA
POSTHERPETIC NEURALGIA |
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Term
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Definition
AE: Sedation
Steven-Johnson
GI irritation
NOT VERY EFFECTIVE ANTI-EPILEPTIC FOR MOST PATIENTS |
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Term
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Definition
AE: Angioedema
Euphoria
Xerostomia
Peripheral edema
Astheia
USED FOR FOCAL SEIZURES FOR PATIENTS WITH HEPATIC DYSFUNCTION |
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Term
| Diazepam, Lorazepam, Midazolam |
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Definition
Mech: Potentiate GABA-mediated inhibition to increase Cl current through the channel
App: Focal and tonic-clonic seizures, Status epilepticus, Anxiety, and ALCOHOL withdrawal
AE: Ataxia, dizziness, somnolence, and fatigue
Contra: Glaucoma
DECREASED LEVELS WHEN MIXED WITH CARBAMAZEPINE AND PHENOBARBITAL |
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Term
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Definition
Mech: Potentiate GABA-mediated inhibition to increase Cl current through the channel
App: 4th drug for absence seizures, Status epilepticus, Anxiety, and ALCOHOL withdrawal
AE: Ataxia, dizziness, somnolence, and fatigue
Contra: Glaucoma
DECREASED LEVELS WHEN MIXED WITH CARBAMAZEPINE AND PHENOBARBITAL |
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Term
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Definition
Mech: Potentiate GABA-mediated inhibition to increase Cl current through the channel (increases the duration of chloride influx)
App: Insomnia, Preoperative sedation, and Focal and tonic seizures
Contra: Porphyria, Sever liver dysfunction, Respiratory disease
AE: Steven's-Johnson Syndrome, bone marrow suppression, osteopenia, hepatotoxicity, decreased libido, and depression |
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Term
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Definition
Mech: Potentiate GABA-mediated inhibition to increase Cl current through the channel (stops degradation of GABA)
APP: INFANTILE SPASMS and focal epilepsy
AE: Suicidal thoughts, insomnia, memory loss, sedation, and tremor |
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Term
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Definition
Mech: Inhibits glycine binding site of NMDA receptor
APP: Refractory epilepsy
AE: Aplastic anemia, SJ syndrome, photosensitivity, abnormal gate |
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Term
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Definition
Mech: Prolongs sodium channel inactivation and possibly mGluR5 glutamate receptor
APP: Focal Seizures and "Drop attacks associated with Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome"
AE: Vomitting, dizziness, nausea, fatigue
Contra: Patients with familial short QT syndrome
Extra: Mild P450 inducer (increase phenobarbitol and phenytoin) |
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Term
| Tiagabine, Topiramate, Levetiracetam, Zonisamide |
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Definition
Mech: UNDER INVESTIGATION
APP: ALL ADJUNCTS
Tiagabine can cause unexplained sudden death |
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