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Chapter 15
Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity
29
Microbiology
Undergraduate 2
04/04/2012

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Term
pathogenicity
Definition
the ability to cause disease
Term
virulence
Definition
the extent of pathogenicity
Term
portals of entry
Definition
mucous membranes, skin, parenteral route
Term
adherence
Definition
adhesins/ligands bind to receptors on host cells, forms biofilms
Term
capsules
Definition
prevent phagocytosis
Term
cell wall components
Definition
M fibrous proteins resist phagocytosis
outer membrane proteins Opa protein inhibits T cells
mycolic acid (waxy lipid) resists digestion
Term
coagulase
Definition
coagulates fibrinogen
Term
kinases
Definition
digest fibrin clots
Term
hyaluronidase
Definition
hydrolyzes hyaluronic acid
Term
collagenase
Definition
hydrolyzes collagen
Term
IgA proteases
Definition
destroy IgA antibody
Term
siderophores
Definition
uses host's iron
Term
how pathogens damage host cells
Definition
use the host's nutrients
direct damage
Term
toxin
Definition
substance that contributes to pathogenicity
Term
toxigenicity
Definition
ability to produce a toxin
Term
toxemia
Definition
presence of toxin in the host's blood
Term
toxoid
Definition
in activated toxin used in a vaccine
Term
anti-toxin
Definition
antibodies against a specific toxin
Term
superantigens
Definition
cause an intense immune response due to release of cytokines from host cells
Term
exotoxins
Definition
gram positive
Term
exotoxins
Definition
byproducts of growing cells
Term
exotoxins
Definition
no fever
Term
exotoxins
Definition
proteins
Term
exotoxins
Definition
neutralized by antitoxin
Term
endotoxin
Definition
gram negative
Term
endotoxin
Definition
outer membrane (lipopolysaccharide)
Term
endotoxin
Definition
lipid A
Term
endotoxin
Definition
fever
Term
endotoxin
Definition
not neutralized by antitoxin
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