Term
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Definition
| Occurs when the work of breathing is too high and/or when the drive to breathe is elevated |
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Term
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Definition
| Dyspnea when moved to the upright position |
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Term
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Definition
| Occurs when the cough receptors in the airways are stimulated by inflammation, mucus, foreign material, or noxious gases. Weak cough is often due to high Raw, poor lung recoil, or weak muscles. Pts with airways disease often have a loose, productive cough. |
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Term
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Definition
| Mucus that comes from the lower airways but is expectorated thru the mouth |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Coughing up bloody sputum from the airways. Most often occurs in pts with history of lung disease. Common causes: bronchitis, lung cancer, TB, trauma, and pulmonary embolism |
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Term
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Definition
| A pressure sensation with exertion or stress and results from coronary artery occlusion |
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Term
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Definition
| Swelling of the ankles (due to heart failure and may indicate the need for oxygen therapy) |
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Term
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Definition
| When a pt sits upright and braces his/her elbows on a table. This helps the accessory muscles gain a mechanical advantage for breathing |
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Term
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Definition
| Temperature elevation caused by disease is fever and the pt is said to be febrile |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A condition in which the pulse rate is 60 beats/min |
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Term
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Definition
| A significant decrease in pulse strength during spontaneous inhalation |
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Term
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Definition
| Abnormally high respiratory rate |
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Term
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Definition
| The peak force exerted in the major arteries during contraction of the left ventricle |
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Term
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Definition
| A condition in which the BP is persistently higher than 140/90 mm Hg |
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Term
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Definition
| A sudden drop in arterial BP due to a change in position (most often occurs when the hypovolemic pt moves from reclining pos to the upright position |
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Term
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Definition
| Sounds heard during the taking of BP using a sphygmomanometer & stethoscope |
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Term
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Definition
| Present when the jugular vein is enlarged and can be seen more than 3-4 cm above the sternal angle |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| An intermittent sinking inward of the skin overlying the chest wall during inspiration |
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Term
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Definition
| Refers to the vibrations created by the vocal cords during speech (These vibrations are transmitted down the tracheobronchial tree & thru the lung to the chest wall) |
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Term
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Definition
| Condition that happens when air leaks from the lung into the subcutaneous tissues,fine air bubbles produce a crackling sound & sensation when palpated |
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Term
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Definition
| Process of listening for bodily sounds |
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Term
| Adventitous breath sounds |
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Definition
| Added sounds or vibrations produced by the movement of air thru abnormal airways |
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Term
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Definition
| Discontinuous types of adventitious lung sounds |
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Term
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Definition
| Discontinuous types of lung sounds heard on auscultation of the chest; usually heard during inspiration |
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Term
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Definition
| An increase in the intensity & clarity of vocal resonance produced by enhanced transmission of vocal vibrations |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Dyspnea in the reclining position; associated w/ CHF |
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Term
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Definition
| Decrease in PaO2 due to changes in position |
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Term
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Definition
| Mucus from the tracheobronchial tree that has not been contaminated by oral secretions |
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Term
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Definition
| Sputum that has pus cells in it |
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Term
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Definition
| Sputum that is clear and thick |
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Term
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Definition
| Vomitting bld from the gastrointestinal tract |
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Term
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Definition
| An elevation of body temperature due to disease. Most often due to viral infection; also seen with pneumonia, TB, & some cancers.Fever increases the body's need for oxygen. |
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Term
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Definition
| Sweating (Can indicate fever, pain, severe stress, increased metabolism, or acute anxiety) |
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Term
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Definition
| Assessing the pts orientation to time, place, and person |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A condition in which the pulse rate exceeds 100 beats/min |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| An alternating succession of strong and weak pulses (Suggests left sided heart failure) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The force in the major arteries remaining after relaxation of the ventricles |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A bluish discoloration of the tissues |
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Term
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Definition
| When the jugular venous pressure rises during inhalation |
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Term
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Definition
| Abnormal increase in the anteroposterior diameter of the thorax (Associated w/emphysema) |
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Term
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Definition
| Breathing w/a deep & rapid pattern |
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Term
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Definition
| When vibrations that are created by the vocal cords during speech are felt on the chest wall |
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Term
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Definition
| Presence of air or gas in the pleural space of the thorax |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Continuous adventious lung sounds (associated w/asthma or bronchospasm) |
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Term
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Definition
| Loud, high pitched sound which can sometimes be heard w/o a stethoscope(most common in infants and small children)Continuous type of adventious lung sounds primarily heard over the the larynx and trachea during inhalation |
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Term
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Definition
| Low-pitched , continuous adventious lung sound most often heard on exhalation |
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Term
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Definition
| An abnormal heart sound most often heard over the precordium |
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Term
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Definition
| A painless enlargement of the terminal phalanges of the fingers & toes, which develops over time |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Abnormal protrusion of the sternum (pigeons chest) |
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Term
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Definition
| Abnormal depression of the sternum |
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Term
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Definition
| Abnormal curvature of the spine; often causes severe restrictive lung disease |
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Term
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Definition
| The chest wall overlying the heart |
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Term
| In what pt population is orthopnea most commonly seen & what is its cause? |
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Definition
| Common in pts with congestive heart failure and appears to be caused by the sudden increase in venous return that occurs w/reclining |
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Term
| What is the difference b/t mucous & phlegm |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the difference b/t pleuritic vs nonpleuritic chest pain? |
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Definition
Pleuritic-usually located laterally or posteriorly. worsens when the pt takes a deep breath and is described as a sharp, stabbing type of pain (associated w/ diseases of the chest that cause the pleural lining of the chest to become inflamed such as pneumonia)
-Nonpleuritic-located typically in the center of the anterior chest and may radiate to the shoulder or back. Not affected by breathing. Described as a dull ache or pressure type of pain. |
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Term
| What is a complete health history? |
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Definition
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Term
| How can you check for postural hypotension? |
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Definition
| by measuring the BP in both the supine and sitting positions or on standing up |
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Term
| How is pulsus paradoxus measured? |
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Definition
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Term
| What causes subcutaneous emphysema? |
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Definition
| When air leaks from the lung into the subcutaneous tissues, fine air bubbles produce a crackling sound and sensation when palpated |
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Term
| What is normal temp, RR, diastolic & systolic BP? |
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Definition
temp=98.6 degrees F (37 C)
RR=12-18 bpm
Systolic=90-140 mm Hg
Diastolic=60-90 mm Hg |
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Term
| Common cause of nonpleuritic chest pain |
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Definition
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