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Chapter 15-Joints
vocabulary,combining forms,terminology,pathology, Ex.M,N,O,P
157
Biology
Professional
03/09/2011

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Term
Name the term related to joints: smooth, glistening white tissue that covers the surface of a joint.
Definition
articular cartilage
Term
Name the term related to joints: Any type of joint.
Definition
articulation
Term
Name the term related to joints: sac of fluid near a joint; promotes smooth sliding of one tissue against another.
Definition
bursa (plural: bursae)
Term
Name the term related to joints: connective tissue binding bones to other bones; supports, strengthens, and stabilized the joint.
Definition
ligament
Term
Name the term related to joints: immovable joint, such as between the bones of the skull.
Definition
suture joint
Term
Name the term related to joints: space between bones at a synovial joint; contains synovial fluid produced by the synovial membrane.
Definition
synovial fluid
Term
Name the term related to joints: a freely movable joint.
Definition
synovial joint
Term
Name the term related to joints: tissue lining the synovial cavity; it produces synovial fluid.
Definition
synovial membrane
Term
Name the term related to joints: connective tissue that binds muscles to bones.
Definition
tendon
Term
Give the meaning of the combining form: ankyl/o
Definition
stiff
Term
Give the meaning of the combining form: arthr/o
Definition
joint
Term
Give the meaning of the combining form: articul/o
Definition
joint
Term
Give the meaning of the combining form: burs/o
Definition
bursa
Term
Give the meaning of the combining form: chondr/o
Definition
cartilage
Term
Give the meaning of the combining form: ligament/o
Definition
ligament
Term
Give the meaning of the combining form: rheumat/o
Definition
watery flow
Term
Give the meaning of the combining form: synov/o
Definition
synovial membrane
Term
Give the meaning of the combining form: ten/o
Definition
tendon
Term
Give the meaning of the suffix: -desis
Definition
to bond, tie together
Term
Give the meaning of the suffix: -stenosis
Definition
narrowing
Term
Name the disorder related to joints: inflammation of joints
Definition
arthritis
Term
Name the disorder related to joints: chronic, progressive arthritis with stiffening of joints, primarily of the spine.
Definition
ankylosing spondylitis
Term
Name the disorder related to joints: inflammation and painful swelling of joints caused by excessive uric acid in the body.
Definition
gouty arthritis (gout)
Term
Name the disorder related to joints: Progressive, degenerative joint disease with loss of articular cartilage and hypertrophy of bone at articular surfaces.
Definition
osteoarthritis
Term
Name the disorder related to joints: Chronic joint condition with inflammation and pain; caused by an autoimmune reaction against joint tissue, particularly the synovial membrane.
Definition
rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
Term
Name the disorder related to joints: englargement of bone or tissue around the joint at the base of the big toe (metatarsolphalangeal joint)
Definition
bunion
Term
Name the disorder related to joints: compression of the median nerve as it passes between the ligament and the bones and tendons of the wrist.
Definition
carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)
Term
Name the disorder related to joints: displacement of a bone from its joint.
Definition
dislocation
Term
Name the disorder related to joints: fluid-filled cyst arising from joint capsules or tendons, typically in the hand.
Definition
ganglion
Term
Name the disorder related to joints: abnormal protrusion of an intervertebral disk into the spinal canal or spinal nerves.
Definition
herniation of an intervertebral disk (disc)
Term
Name the disorder related to joints: disorder marked by arthritis, myalgia, and malaise: cause is a bacterium carried by a tick.
Definition
Lyme disease (Lyme arthritis)
Term
Name the disorder related to joints: trauma to a joint without rupture
Definition
sprain
Term
Give the term: Fibrous membrane separating and enveloping muscles.
Definition
fascia
Term
Name the term: fusion of bones across a joint space by either bone tissue or growth of fibrous tissue. Immobility and stiffening of the joint result; this most often occurs in rheumatoid arthritis
Definition
ankylosis or arthrodesis
Term
Name the term: surgical replacement of part or all of joint with a prosthesis.
Definition
arthroplasty
Term
Name the term: Surgical incision into a joint.
Definition
arthrotomy
Term
Name the term: bleeding into joint spaces.
Definition
hemarthrosis
Term
Name the term: synovial fluid collects abnormally in the joint.
Definition
hydrarthrosis
Term
Name the term: any type of arthritis which involves five or more joints.
Definition
polyarthritis
Term
Name the term: cartilage covering a joint bone
Definition
articular cartilage
Term
Name the term: inflammation of one or more bursae (small sacs) of synovial fluid in the body.
Definition
bursitis
Term
Name the term: inherited condition in which the bones of the arms and legs fail to grow to normal size because of a defect in cartilage and bone formation.
Definition
achondroplasia
Term
Name the term: a benign tumor or tumor-like growth of mature hyaline cartilage.
Definition
chondroma
Term
Name the term: Abnormal softening or degeneration of cartilage of the joints, especially of the knee.
Definition
chondromalacia
Term
Name the term: pertaining to or having the characteristics of a ligament.
Definition
ligamentous
Term
Give the meaning of the term rheumatologist
Definition
specialist of joint problems
Term
Give the meaning of the term synovitis
Definition
inflammation of synovial membrane
Term
Give the meaning of the term tenorrhaphy
Definition
surgical suture of tendon
Term
Give the meaning of the term tenosynovitis
Definition
inflammation of tendon sheath and synovial membrane
Term
Give the meaning of the term arthrodesis
Definition
surgical fixation of joints
Term
Give the meaning of the term spinal stenosis
Definition
narrowing of the spinal canal
Term
Give the meaning of the pathologic term ankylosing spondylitis
Definition
arthritis with stiffening of joints
Term
Give the meaning of the pathologic term gouty arthritis
Definition
inflammation & painful swelling of joints caused by excessive uric acid in the body.
Term
Give the meaning of the pathologic term osteoarthritis
Definition
degenerative joint disease with loss of articular cartilage and hypertrophy of bone at articular surfaces.
Term
Give the meaning of the pathologic term rheumatoid arthritis
Definition
chronic joint condition with inflammation and pain caused by autoimmune reaction against joint tissue.
Term
Give the meaning of the term arthritis
Definition
inflammation of joints
Term
Give the meaning of the term bunion
Definition
enlargement of bone or tissue around the joint at the base of the big toe.
Term
Give the meaning of the term carpal tunnel syndrome
Definition
compression of the median nerve as it passes between the ligament and the bones and tendons of the wrist.
Term
Give the meaning of the term dislocation
Definition
displacement of a bone from its joint.
Term
Give the meaning of the term ganglion
Definition
fluid-filled cyst arising from joint capsules or tendons
Term
Give the meaning of the term herniation of intervertebral disk
Definition
abnormal protrusion of an intervertebral disk into the spinal canal or spinal nerves.
Term
Give the meaning of the term Lyme disease
Definition
disorder marked by arthritis, myalgia, and malaise; cause is a bacterium carried by a tick.
Term
Give the meaning of the term sprain
Definition
trauma to a joint without rupture.
Term
Give the meaning of the term systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
Definition
chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease involving joints, skin, kidneys, nervous system, heart and lungs.
Term
Complete the sentence: Joint in which apposed bones are closely united, as in the skull bones, is called a __________.
Definition
suture joint (a synovial joint is a freely movable joint
Term
Complete the sentence: Connective tissue that binds muscles to bones is a/an _____.
Definition
tendon
Term
Complete the sentence: Another term for a joint is a/an ________.
Definition
articulation
Term
Complete the sentence: Connective tissue that binds bones to other bones is a/an ____.
Definition
ligament
Term
Complete the sentence: Fluid found in a joint is called _________.
Definition
synovial fluid
Term
Complete the sentence: The membrane that lines the joint cavity is the ___________.
Definition
synovial membrane
Term
Complete the sentence: Sac of fluid near a joint is a/an __________.
Definition
bursa
Term
Complete the sentence: Smooth carilage that covers the surface of bones at joints is ___________.
Definition
articular cartilage
Term
Complete the sentence: Surgical repair of a joint is called ___________.
Definition
arthroplasty
Term
Complete the sentence: Inflammation surrounding a joint is known as ________.
Definition
periarthritis
Term
Complete the term: inflammation of a tendon: ______itis
Definition
tendinitis or tendonitis
Term
Complete the term: tumor (benign) of cartilage: ____oma
Definition
chondroma
Term
Complete the term: tumor (malignant of cartilage: _______oma
Definition
chondrosarcoma
Term
Complete the term: incision of a joint: arthr________.
Definition
arthrotomy
Term
Complete the term: softening of cartilage: chondro________.
Definition
chondromalacia
Term
Complete the term: abnormal condition of blood in the joint: ___________osis.
Definition
hemarthrosis
Term
Complete the term: inflammation of a sac of fluid near the joint _______itis.
Definition
bursitis
Term
Complete the term: doctor who specializes in treatment of joint disorders: ________logist.
Definition
rheumatologist
Term
Complete the term: abnormal condition of a stiffened, immobile joint: ________osis.
Definition
ankylosis
Term
Complete the term: suture of a tendon: ten______.
Definition
tenorrhaphy
Term
Name the term: an inherited condition in which the bones of the arms and the legs fail to grow normally because of a defect in cartilage and bone formation; type of dwarfism.
Definition
ochondroplasia
Term
Name the term: degenerative joint disease; chronic inflammation of bones and joints.
Definition
osteoarthritis
Term
Name the term: inflammation of joints caused by excessive uric acid in the body (hyperuricemia)
Definition
gouty arthritis
Term
Name the term: chronic joint disease; inflamed and painful joints owing to autoimmune reaction against normal joint tissue, and synovial membranes become swollen and thickened.
Definition
rheumatoid arthritis
Term
tic-borne bacterium causes this condition marked by arthritis, myalgia, malaise, and neurologic and cardiac symptoms.
Definition
Lyme disease
Term
Name the term: abnormal swelling of a metatarsophalangeal joint
Definition
bunion
Term
Name the term: cystic mass arising from a tendon in the wrist.
Definition
ganglion
Term
Name the term: chronic, progressive arthritis with stiffening of joints, especially of the spine (vertebrae)
Definition
ankylosing spondylitis
Term
Name the term: chronic inflammatory disease affecting not only the joints but also the skin (butterfly rash on the face), kidneys, heart, and lungs _______.
Definition
systemic lupus erythematosus
Term
Name the term: inflammation of a tendon sheath ______.
Definition
tenosynovitis
Term
Name the term: compression of the median nerve in the wrist as it passes through an area between a ligament tendons, bones, and connective tissue.
Definition
carpal tunnel syndrome
Term
Name the term: displacement of a bone from its joint.
Definition
dislocation
Term
Give a short meaning: subluxation
Definition
partial or incomplete displacement of a bone from the joint.
Term
Give a short meaning: arthrodesis
Definition
surgical fixation of a joint(binding it together by fusing the joint surfaces)
Term
Give a short meaning: pyrexia
Definition
fever; increase in body temperature
Term
Give a short meaning: podagra
Definition
pain in a big toe from gouty arthritis
Term
Give a short meaning: sciatica
Definition
pain radiating from the back to the leg (along the sciatic nerve); most commonly caused by a protruding intervertebral disk
Term
Give a short meaning: herniation of an intervertebral disk
Definition
protrusion of a disk into the neural canal or the spinal nerves
Term
Give a short meaning: laminectomy
Definition
removal of a portion of the vertebral arch (lamina) to relieve pressure from a protruding intervertebral disk
Term
Give a short meaning: sprain
Definition
trauma to a joint with pain, swelling, and injury to ligaments
Term
Give a short meaning: strain
Definition
overstretching of a muscle
Term
Give a short meaning: hyperuricemia
Definition
high levels of uric acid in the bloodstream; present in gouty arthritis
Term
Give the meaning of the term articular cartilage.
Definition
lining covering the bone.
Term
Give the meaning of the term articulation.
Definition
any type of joint.
Term
Give the meaning of the term bursa
Definition
sac of fluid near a joint
Term
Give the meaning of the term ligament
Definition
connective tissue binding bones to other bones
Term
Give the meaning of the term suture joint
Definition
immovable joint
Term
Give the meaning of the term synovial cavity
Definition
space between bones at a synovial joint
Term
Give the meaning of the term synovial fluid
Definition
sticky fluid within the synovial cavity
Term
Give the meaning of the term synovial joint
Definition
a freely movable joint.
Term
Give the meaning of the term tendon
Definition
connective tissue that binds muscles to bones
Term
Give the meaning of the combining form ankyl/o
Definition
stiff
Term
Give the meaning of the combining form arthr/o
Definition
joint
Term
Give the meaning of the combining form articul/o
Definition
joint
Term
Give the meaning of the combining form burs/o
Definition
bursa
Term
Give the meaning of the combining form chondr/o
Definition
cartilage
Term
Give the meaning of the combining form ligament/o
Definition
ligament
Term
Give the meaning of the combining form rheumat/o
Definition
watery flow
Term
Give the meaning of the combining form synov/o
Definition
synovial membrane
Term
Give the meaning of the combining form ten/o
Definition
tendon
Term
Give the meaning of the combining form tendin/o
Definition
tendon
Term
Give the meaning of the combining form -desis
Definition
bind, tie together
Term
Give the meaning of the combining form -stenosis
Definition
narrowing
Term
Give the meaning of the term ankylosis
Definition
stiffening of joints
Term
Give the meaning of the term arthroplasty
Definition
surgical repair of a joint.
Term
Give the meaning of the term arthrotomy
Definition
incision of joint
Term
Give the meaning of the term hemarthrosis
Definition
abnormal condition of blood in the joint
Term
Give the meaning of the term hydrarthrosis
Definition
abnormal collection of fluid in a joint.
Term
Give the meaning of the term polyarthritis
Definition
inflammation of many joints.
Term
Give the meaning of the term articular cartilage
Definition
thin layer of cartilage that covers the surface of the joint.
Term
Give the meaning of the term bursitis
Definition
inflammation of the bursa
Term
Give the meaning of the term achondroplasia
Definition
malformation of cartilage
Term
Give the meaning of the term chondroma
Definition
tumor of cartilage
Term
Give the meaning of the term chondromalacia
Definition
softening of cartilage
Term
Give the meaning of the term ligamentous
Definition
p/t ligament
Term
Give the meaning of the term tendinitis
Definition
inflammation of the tendon
Term
Give the meaning of arthrodesis
Definition
surgical fixation of joints
Term
Name the term: decreasing the angle between two bones; bending a limb
Definition
flexion
Term
Name the term: increasing the angle between two bones; straightening out a limb
Definition
extension
Term
Name the term: movement away from the midline of the body
Definition
abduction
Term
Name the term: movement toward the midline of the body
Definition
adduction
Term
Name the term: circular movement around an axis (central point).
Definition
rotation. toward miline is internal rotation. away from midline is external rotation.
Term
Name the term: decreasing the angle of the ankle joint so that the foot bends backward (upward). opposite of stepping on the gas pedal.
Definition
dorsiflexion
Term
Name the term: motion that extends the foot downward toward the ground as when pointing the toes or stepping on the gas pedal.
Definition
plantar flexion
Term
Name the term: as applied to the hand and forearm, the act of turning the palm down.
Definition
pronation
Term
Name the term: As applied to the hand and forearm, the act of turning the palm up.
Definition
supination
Term
Name the disorder related to joints: chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease involving joints, skin, kidneys, nervous system (CNS), heart, and lungs.
Definition
systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
Term
Name the term: inflammation of a synovial membrane.
Definition
synovitis
Term
Name the term: The surgical suture of the divided ends of a tendon.
Definition
tenorrhaphy
Term
Name the term: inflammation of a tendon sheath
Definition
tenosynovitis
Term
Name the term: inflammation of a tendon, a tough rope-like tissue that connects muscle to bone.
Definition
tendinitis (also spelled tendonitis)
Term
Name the term: narrowing of the spinal canal that causes compression of the spinal nerve cord.
Definition
spinal stenosis
Term
Give the meaning of the term synovial membrane
Definition
tissue lining the synovial cavity
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