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Definition
-Code of Hammurabi (Babylonia)
-Ten Commandments
-Justinian Code (Roman legal code)
-Napolean Code (based of off Justinian Code used by France and Louisiana)
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| Set of rules and standards by which a sociey governs itself. |
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| Law that involves the interpretation and application of the U.S Constitution and state constitutions. Deides the limits of the governments power and the rights of the individual. Deals with civil and criminal law cases. |
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| How the Constitution Shapes the U.S |
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-Establishes our country as a representative democracy.
-Outlines the structure of our governemt.
-Sets forth our basic rights. |
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| A law written by a legislative branch of government. |
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A law or statute passed by city councils.
(Set speed limits, set age for work permits, right to return merchandise) |
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| Also called Roman Law, a law that is written down so that everyone might know and inderstand it. |
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Law that spells out the authority, procedures, rules, and regulations to be followed by government agencies.
Ex. FDA, Social security administration |
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| Law made by judges in the process of resolving individual cases. Originated in England. |
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| A system of rules by which disputes are resolved on the grounds of fairness. Opposite of common law. |
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| Equal Justice Under the Law |
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| Goal of the American court system to treat all persons alike. |
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| Certain rights of individuls in the application of laws, some that are specified in the Constitution and some that aren't speified. |
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| Principle that prohibits random enforcement of law and also provides safeguards to ensure that constitutional and statutory rights are proected by law enforcement. |
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| A judicial system in which opposing lawyers present their strongest cases (dont hold back). |
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| The presumption that a person is innocent until proven guilty. |
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| Alternative to lengthy civil trials, deal with collecting small debts of usually $1,000-$5,000. |
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| Rules overning disputes amount two or more individuals or between individuals and the government. |
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| A set of voluntary promises, enforcable by law, between two or more parties. |
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| A contract in which the terms are specifically stated, usually in writting. |
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| A contract in which the terms are not expressly stated but can be inferred from the actions of the people involved and the circumstances. |
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| Land and whatever is attatched or growing on it. |
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| Movable belongings such as clothes, jewlery, as well as intangible items like stocks, bonds, copyrights, and patents. |
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| A loan taken out to pay for a house. |
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| A wrongful act, other than breach of contract, for which an injured party has the righ to sue. |
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| The person who brings charges in court. |
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| The person who against whom a civil or criminal suit is brought in court. |
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An order that will stop a particular action or enforce a rule or regulation. |
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| A legal document filled with the court that has jurisdiction over the problem. |
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| An official notice of a lawsuit that includes the date, time, and place of the initial court. |
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A formal reponse by the defendant to the charges in a complaint. |
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| Preocess when bothe sides prepare for a trial by gathering evidence to support their case. |
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| A process in which each side is given the opportunity to explain its side of the dispute and must listen to the other side. |
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| A written statement to prove statements of fact signed by a witness under oath. |
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Definition
1. Plaintiff hires a lawyer (works for contingency(1/5 or 1/2 of settlement) or for hourly fee)
2. Plaintiff sets forth charges is a complaint, defendent gets summons, must file an answer within amount of time or plaintiff wins by default.
3. Discovery
4. 90% of civil lawsuits are settle before a trial through mediation, settlement, or pretrial conference.
5. Trial occurs, often takes a long time, judge or a jury of 6-12 people hears case & decides verdict.
6. Plaintiff recieves award, if defendent refuses to pay can get court order to take $ out of their paycheck or selling therir stuff. |
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Definition
| To decide someones punishment in the court system. |
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| Bringing a lawsuit through the court system. |
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| Rules governing crimes and their punishment. |
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| System of state and federal courts, police, and prisons that enforce criminal law. |
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| A minor crime, usually punished by a ticket rather than an arrest. |
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| A minor crime that is usually punished by a fine or jail sentence of less than 1 year. |
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| An order signed by a judge naming the individual to be arrested for a specific crime. |
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| A group that ears charges against a suspect and decides whether there is sufficient evidence to bring the person to trial. |
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| A formal charge by a grand jury. |
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| A sworn statement by the prosecution that there is sufficient evidence for a trial. |
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| The process in which a defendent pleads guilty to a lesser crime than the one with which the defendent was originally charger. |
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| A group of citizens that hears evidence during a trial and fives a verdict. |
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| A jury that is unable to reach a decision. |
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| The punishment to be imposed on an offernder after a guilty verdict. |
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| Court order to decide if a jailed person has been legally detained. |
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Definition
1. Police investigate and get an arrest warrent to arrest and book suspect.
2. Within 24 hours suspect is brought before judge to be formally charged & charges and rights are explained.
3. Grand Jury decides if there's enough evidence to go to trial.
4. Pplice and defense lawyer may mke an agreement to plea bargain.
5. Judge makes formal charges in front of open courtroom. Defendant pleas guilty, not guilty, not guilty by reason of insanity, or no contest.
6. Trial takes place by jury or by a judge.
7. Jury decides verdict. Need a unanimos vote and must be beond a reasonable doubt.
8. For innocent verdict, defendant is immediately relased. If guilty, judge decides punishment from maximum to minimum penalties. |
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