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| The authority that governments have to make people obey them. |
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| A form of government in which the ruler inherits power. Power passed down through ruling family. |
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| The belief that a king is God's deputy on Earth, and that royal commands express God's wishes. |
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| A form of government in which the monarch's power is shared with a popular assembly and limited by law. |
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| A government without a king, in which citizens are given the right to elect their own representatives. |
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| A type of government begun in Athens in which all citizens can participate in government. Based on the idea that the power of the government derives from the people. |
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| A form of democracy in which every citizen participates directly in government. In ancient Athens, citizens assembled to make important decisions facing their city-state. |
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| A form of democracy in which citizens elect people to represent them in making laws and running the government |
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| A form of government in which an individual leader or political party enjoys great power and total control over other citizens. |
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| A political system in which the state, usually under the control of a single person or a political party, seeks to control every aspect of public and private life. Nazi Germany, the Soviet Union under Stalin, and Communist China under Mao Zedong were all totalitarian systems. |
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| A political system in which the government is run by religious leaders. Like a monarchy, it is one of the earliest forms of government. |
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| The head of state of a government |
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| (1743-1826) The main author of the Declaration of Independence and President of the United States from 1801-1809. |
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| (1878-1953) communist dictator who replaced Lenin in 1924 as the leader of the Soviet Union. Stalin made changes turning the Soviet Union into a totalitarian state. Opponents were sent to icy gulags in Siberia. |
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| French king who established the model of absolute monarchy. His will was law. Any critic who challenged the king was punished. Louis interfered in the economic and religious lives of his subjects. |
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