Term
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Definition
| motion that repeats itself in regular time intervals |
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Term
| What is simple harmonic motion? |
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Definition
| when the acceleration is proportional to displacement and directed toward equilibrium |
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Term
| ____goes the fastest at equlibrium. ____is zero at equlibrium. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the relationship between force or acceleration to displacement in SHM? |
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Definition
| force and acceleration are proportional to the displacement |
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Term
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Definition
| maximum displacement from equlibrium |
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Term
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Definition
| number of vibrations per second (Hz) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| How are frequency and period related? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What affects the period of a mass on a vibrating spring? |
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Definition
| mass and the spring constant (k) |
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Term
| HOw do you calculate the period or frequency of a mass vibrating on a spring? |
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Definition
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Term
| What affects the period of a pendulum? |
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Definition
| length of a string and the acceleration of gravity (g) |
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Term
| What is the difference between mechanical waves and electromagnetic waves? |
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Definition
| mechanical waves require a medium |
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Term
| identify three types of mechanical waves |
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Definition
| transverse, longitudinal, surface |
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Term
| Identify the parts of waves. |
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Definition
| crest, trough, wavelength, amplitude, compression, rarefaction |
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Term
| What represents the energy the waves is carrying? |
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Definition
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Term
| Use the wave equation to determine the speed of a wave. |
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Definition
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Term
| ____allows us to hear around corners. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| turning of a wave as it is goes from one medium to another at an angle |
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Term
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Definition
| bending of a wave as it goes through an opening or around an edge |
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Term
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Definition
| when 2 waves meet, their amplitudes combine |
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Term
| What are the four wave interactions? |
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Definition
| reflection, refraction, diffraction, interference |
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Term
| What determines the speed of a wave? |
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Definition
| the elasticity and density of a medium |
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Term
| Waves travel faster in _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| What happens when a wave gets to the end of a medium? |
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Definition
| it will reflect or transmit and change speed |
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Term
| What are the two types of reflections and what happens in them? |
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Definition
| fixed end (out of phase)--flips over completely; free end (in phase)---goes in and comes back on the same side |
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Term
| What is the law of reflection? |
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Definition
| angle of incidence=angle of reflection |
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Term
| How can you tell if a wave sppeds up or slows down when it enters a new medium? |
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Definition
| the shorter the wavelenth, the slower the wave; the longer the wavelength, the faster the wave |
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Term
| What affects how much diffraction will be produced? |
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Definition
| size of opening compared to wavelength; if the opening si big, there will be less diffraction and less curve |
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Term
| What difference in constructive and destructive interference? |
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Definition
| constructive interference builds up the amplitude; destructive interference reduces the amplitude; complete destructive interference is when the amplitude is completely gone |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is a standing wave and what conditions produce it? |
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Definition
| a wave that looks like it's standing there vibrating; it's produced when 2 waves with the same amplitude and frequency are traveling in opposite direction |
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Term
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Definition
| a disturbance that transfers energy without transferring matter |
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Term
| a mechanical wave requires what type of medium? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of wave does not require a medium? |
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Definition
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Term
| In a transverse wave, how do the particles move? |
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Definition
| at right angles to the direction of the wave; up and down |
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Term
| What is an example of a longitudinal wave and how do particles move in them? |
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Definition
| sound;parallel to the direction of the wave |
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Term
| What a compression? rarefaction? what kind of wave do you find them in? |
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Definition
| compression is when particles in the wave are closest together; rarefaction is when particles is the wave are far apart |
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Term
| energy's relationship to amplitude |
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Definition
| energy is proportional to amplitude squared |
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Term
| What determines the speed of the wave? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the boucning back of a wave as it gets to the end of medium |
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Term
| What three things happen when a wave moves from one medium into a denser medium? |
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Definition
| out of phase reflection; reduction in amplitude (because of energy loss); speed change (slower in denser material) |
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Term
| What can change when a wave diffracts? |
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Definition
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Term
| What never changes when a wave refracts? |
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Definition
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Term
| The bigger the wavelength, the better____. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the principle of superposition? |
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Definition
| one wave is on top of another wave and form a new wave for a moment |
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Term
| When does a standing wave occur? |
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Definition
| when 2 waves of the same frequency and amplitude approach each other |
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Term
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Definition
| the points in the medium that are displaced; where crests/troughs meet |
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Term
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Definition
| the parts that are moving; where crests meet |
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Term
| Simple harmonic motion is always in the direction of the ____. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is an example of a simple harmonic oscillator? |
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Definition
| mass vibrating at end of string |
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