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| General Properties of Acids |
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Definition
1) sour taste, corrosive
2) characteristically changes acid-base indicator
3) react with active metals to form hydrogen gas
4) react with bases to form salt and water
5) conduct electric current |
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Term
| General Properties of Bases |
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Definition
1) bitter taste, caustic
2) changes acid-base indicator
3) aqueous solutions are slippery
4) react with acids to form salt and water
5) conduct electricity |
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1) hydro prefix
2) root of nonmetal
3) add "ic" |
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1) name polyatomic ion
2) add "ic" or "ous" |
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| molecular compounds dissolved in water to increase the concentration of hydrogen ions |
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| Ionizes completely; strong electrolyte; high polarity |
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| HI, HClO4, HBr, HCl, H2SO4, HClO3, HNO3 |
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| Incomplete ionization; harder to break the covalent bond |
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1) name metallic cation
2) usually name hydroxide |
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| Compounds that dissolve in water to increase the number of OH- ions |
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| Ionic compounds; metal cation + hydroxide; dissociate completely; strong electrolyte |
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| Insoluble; dissociate incompletely; weak electrolyte |
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Definition
| donates a proton, H+; ALL Arrhenius acids are also Brønsted-Lowry acids |
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| can act as an acid or a base (i.e. H2O) |
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| accepts an electron pair to form a covalent bond |
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| donates an electron pair to form a covalent bond |
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Term
Choose:
A stronger acid yields a [stronger/weaker] conjugate base |
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Definition
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Choose:
A stronger base yields a [stronger/weaker] conjugate acid |
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Choose:
Proton transfer reactions favor the production of [stronger/weaker] acids and bases |
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Term
Choose:
The more polar an O-H bond is, the more [acidic/basic] it is |
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| Compounds like SO2 and nitrogen oxids (NOx) react with H2O in the air to make the water acidic |
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| Compounds that characteristically change color in the presence of an acid or base |
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| weak acids/bases that produce a color change |
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| several indicators/mixtures |
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| uses conductivity; measures the voltage between 2 electrodes |
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| Used in titration; point where hydronium and hydroxide ions are supplied in equal amounts |
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