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| The grade cannot be determined. |
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| The cells are well differentiated. |
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| The cells are moderately differentiated. |
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| The cells are poorly differentiated. |
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| The cells are undifferentiated. |
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| agent that produces or increases risk of developing cancer; for example, cigarette smoke and insecticides are considered to be carcinogens |
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| malignant tumor that has not extended beyond original site |
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| growth enclosed in sheath of tissue that prevents tumor cells from invading surrounding tissue |
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| excessive development of normal cells within organ |
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| tendency of malignant tumor to spread to immediately surrounding tissue and organs |
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| spread of cancer cells from one part of body to another; metastases is plural |
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| number representing sick persons in particular population |
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| number representing deaths in particular population |
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| transformation from original |
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| abnormal growth or tumor; can be benign or malignant |
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| where malignant tumor first appeared |
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| return of disease symptoms after period of improvement |
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| period during which symptoms of disease or disorder leave; can be temporary |
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| excision of small piece of tissue for microscopic examination to assist in diagnosis |
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| surgery performed to determine if cancer is present or if cancer has spread; biopsies are generally performed |
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| treating disease using chemicals that have toxic effect on body, especially cancerous tissue |
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| treatment of cancer with natural hormones or with chemicals that produce hormone-like effects |
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| strengthening immune system to attack cancerous cells |
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| therapy treatment designed to reduce intensity of painful symptoms, but does not produce cure |
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| exposing tumors and surrounding tissues to X-rays or gamma rays to interfere with ability to multiply |
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| extensive surgery to remove as much tissue associated with tumor as possible |
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| embedding radioactive source directly into tissue to provide highly localized radiation dosage to damage nearby cancerous cells; also called brachytherapy |
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