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Chapter 14
Key Concepts
30
Health Care
Undergraduate 3
12/02/2014

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Term
asphyxiation
Definition
severe hypoxia leading to hypoxemia, hypercapnea, loss of consciousness, and death
Term
dyspneic
Definition
having shortness of breath or difficulty breathing
Term
nasogastric tube
Definition
a tube of soft rubber or plastic inserted through the nostril and into the stomach
Term
what are NG or NE tubes used for
Definition
to evacuate air/fluids, or to instill meds, nourishment, or contrast. To treat obstructions or control bleeding (therapeutic and diagnostic)
Term
what are NG tubes made of
Definition
polyurethane, silicone, or rubber
Term
where is the NG tube inserted
Definition
through the nasopharynx into the stomach, duodenum, or jejunum
Term
what is the difference between an NG and NE tube
Definition
the NE tube is allowed to pass into the duodenum and small intestine by peristalsis
Term
who inserts the NE or NG tube
Definition
the RN or physician
Term
how to tell if the NG/NE tube is in place
Definition
radiograph or aspirate with a syringe
Term
when would you use an NE tube instead of an NG tube
Definition
when nutrition and meds are needed for an extended time
Term
how can nutrition be administered through an NE tube
Definition
continuous gravity drip, bolus, or a controlled pump
Term
gastrostomy
Definition
surgical creation of an opening into the stomach
Term
central venous catheters
Definition
used for long term medication administration, blood transfusions, hyperosmolor solutions, or total parental nutrition
Term
how to obtain a true CVP measurement
Definition
place the line correctly in the brachiocephalic vein at the junction of the superior vena cava
Term
what is the most commonly used venous catheter
Definition
PIC- periperally inserted central
Term
implanted port
Definition
underneath the subcutaneous in the chest for patients who require frequent intravenous meds or transfusions
Term
signs that a patient may need suctioning
Definition
vomiting in a patient who can't move, rattling/gurgling from throat, respiratory distress
Term
why do a tracheostomy
Definition
relieve respiratory distress caused by an obstruction or to improve respiratory function
Term
what type of patients do we do tracheostomies on
Definition
traumatic injury, paralyzed, unconscious, or suffering from a disease tha interferes with respiration
Term
which patients are candidates for ventilation
Definition
patients who cannot breathe spontaneously or enough to oxygenate blood
Term
positive pressure ventilators
Definition
inflate lungs by exerting positive pressure on lungs, most common is volume cycled (predetermined amount of air)
Term
endotracheal tube
Definition
establishes an open airway while also preventing aspiration of foreign objects
Term
where is an ET tube placed
Definition
5-7 cm above the carina
Term
pneumothorax
Definition
air on pleural cavity causing lung to collapse
Term
chest tube
Definition
removes air or fluid from pleural cavity and allow lungs to expand normally
Term
water sealed drainage system
Definition
when the patient inhales, air and fluid are drawn into the drainage tube and emptied into a chamber in the system
Term
rules for dealing with a patient with a chest tube
Definition
keep the tube as straight as possible, do not empty or raise water sealed chambers, do not clamp chest tube
Term
tissue drains
Definition
jackson-pratt (spiral), hemovac (spindal)
Term
t tube
Definition
tissue drainage tube that may be placed in the common bile duct
Term
cystostomy tube
Definition
drainage tube placed in the kidney
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