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Chapter 14
Chapter 14
20
Astronomy
Undergraduate 1
04/09/2013

Additional Astronomy Flashcards

 


 

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Term
A low-mass (Sun-like) star evolves in the following sequence
Definition
Protostar, main-sequence, red giant, white dwarf
Term
Low mass stars (Sun-like) do not form iron cores during their evolution because
Definition
their cores never become hot enough to create iron by nucleosynthesis
Term
In the late phase of evolution  a star's core
Definition
contracts and heats up
Term
Triple-alpha fusion chain converts
Definition
helium into carbon and oxygen
Term
a Sun-like star exhausts its hydrogen fuel it takes ____ years to expand into red giant stars
Definition
100 million years
Term
A planetary nebula is a result of
Definition
ejection of stellar material from a star via stellar winds and excitation and ionization of atoms via UV radiation with subsequent recombination of electrons
Term
A white dwarfs represents
Definition
the final phase of evolution of a low-mass star, an Earth-sized body, ultra-dense C and O-rich star, and a star glowing at temperatures of 10,000–20,000 K
Term
A nova star is
Definition
the result of accretion of matter from a main-sequence stars or an evolved red giant star onto a white dwarf
Term
In the final phase of evolution of a high-mass star
Definition
further collapse of its core ignites carbon burning
Term
:___ is the heaviest element produced in a series of fusion reactions inside of a high-mass stars (greater then 8 solar masses)
Definition
Iron
Term
The latest phase of evolution of a high-mass star (greater then 8 solar masses) results in formation of
Definition
blue supergiant star
Term
Sun and other young stars have high abundance of heavy elements contributing about
Definition
2% of the total mass
Term
The cooler the star on the main-sequence, the
Definition
larger (wider) its convection region
Term
Onion-like structure of the latest phase of a massive star is caused by the fact that
Definition
hot plasma in central region burns heavier elements, while cooler plasma in outer regions of the star burns lighter elements
Term
Supernova explosion occurs at the latest phase of evolution of
Definition
a high-mass star
Term
Supernova explosion may create
Definition
a super-dense degenerate core and a supernova remnant
Term
Neutron star represents
Definition
a super-dense degenerate core, very compact object, very hot (700,000K) object, and extremely fast spinning object
Term
A millisecond pulsar star is observed when
Definition
a neutron stars spins at the rate of 1000 rotation periods every second and beams of radiation formed along the magnetic pole sweep past the line of sight
Term
Event horizon of a 10-solar-mass black hole is
Definition
30 km
Term
Every atom of a heavy element in a human body was formed
Definition
in a supernova star
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