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| one party controls the white house & another party controls one or both houses of congress |
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| the same party controls the white house & both houses of congress |
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| the inability of the government to act because rival parties control different parts of the government |
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| the people chosen to cast each state's votes in a presidential election; each state can cast one electoral vote for each senator & representative it has; the district of columbia has three electoral votes, even though it cannot elect a representative or senator |
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| a president's subordinates report to him through a clear chain of command headed by a chief of staff |
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| several of the president's assistants report directly to him |
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| several subordinates, cabinet officers, & committees report directly to the president on different matters |
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| the heads of the fifteen executive bran departments of the federal government |
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| the president's use of his prestige & visibility to guide or enthuse the American public |
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| a message from the president to Congress stating that he will not sign a bill it has passed; must be produced within ten days of the bill's passage |
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| a bill fails to become law because the president did not sign it within ten days before Congress adjourns |
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| an executive's ability to block a particular provision in a bill passed by the legislature |
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| a presidential document that reveals what the president thinks of a new law & how it ought to be enforced |
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| the authority of Congress to block a presidential action after it has taken place; the Supreme Court has held that Congress does not have this power |
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| charges against a president approved by a majority of the House of Representatives |
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| a person still in office after he or she has lost a big for reelection |
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