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Chapter 1
Beginnings of Civilization
72
Fine Art
Not Applicable
09/13/2005

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Term
What civilization did the Bust of Queen Neferiti originate from?
Definition
New Kingdom- Egyptian
Term
What civilization did the Epic of Gilgamesh originate from?
Definition
Sumerian
Term
What civilization did the Stele of Hammurabi originate from?
Definition
Babylonian
Term
What civilization did the Ziggurat at Ur originate from?
Definition
New Sumerian
Term
What civilization did the Snake Goddess originate from?
Definition
Minoan
Term
Where did the Temple of Rameses II originate from?
Definition
New Kingdom-Egyptian
Term
Where did the Wasp Pendant originate from?
Definition
Minoan
Term
Where did the story of the Minotar originate?
Definition
Minoan
Term
Where did the Victory Stele of naram-Sin originate from?
Definition
Akkadian
Term
Where did the Lady of Warka originate?
Definition
Uruk- Sumerian
Term
What work defines Heiroglphic meanings? What three languages are found on this work?
Definition
The Rosetta Stone
Greek, Demotic, Heiroglyphic
Term
What two periods is the "Prehistoric" period divided into?
Definition
Paleolithic & Neolithic
Term
What began in the Neolithic period that set them off from any other civilization?
Definition
Developement of agriculture and settled communities, also the domestication of animals.
Term
Between what 2 rivers is the so-called "Fertile Crescent" located?
Definition
Tigris and Euphrates
Term
What civilization is associated with the Fertile Crescent?
Definition
Mesopotamia
Term
As defined, what civilization is established as the first?
Definition
Sumer
Term
Capital of Sumer?
Definition
Uruk. Present-day Warka.
Term
The first type of writing was established where? What was this form of writing called?
Definition
Sumer;
Cuneiform
Term
What tool did the Sumerians use to write cuneiform in?
Definition
stylus
Term
What two time periods are divided into Ancient Mesopotamia?
Definition
Sumerian (c.3500-2350 B.C.)
Semitic (c. 2350-612 B.C.)
Term
What peoples where part of the Semitic age and why?
Definition
Assyrians, Babylonians, Phoenicians, and Akkadians. They spoke Semitic languages.
Term
What 4 subcategories is Ancient Egypt divided up into?
Definition
Old Kingdom, Middle Kingdom, New Kindom, Late period.
Term
How many dynasties was Egypt divided into?
Definition
31
Term
At about what dates did each group of Egypt begin?
Definition
Old Kingdom- c.2700 B.C.
Middle Kingdom- c.1990 B.C.
New Kingdom- c.1570 B.C.
Late Period- c.1185 B.C.
Term
Into what Empire was Egypt absorbed to end the late period?
Definition
Persian
Term
In what year did the Persians overtake ancient Egypt?
Definition
500 B.C.
Term
Creator of Heaven and Earth; Sun god
Definition
Aton-Ra
Term
Judge of the Dead; King of the Underworld
Definition
Osiris
Term
Mourner of the Dead; Sister and Wife of Osiris
Definition
Isis
Term
Scribe of the gods; bird god
Definition
Thoth
Term
god of the dead; Jackal god
Definition
Anubis
Term
First architect?
Definition
Imhotep
Term
What structures did the first artchitect design and build?
Definition
pyramids
Term
Imhotep used stone to create a tomb for his master. What was the name of that Pharaoh?
Definition
Zoser
Term
What practice did the ancient Egyptians use to bury thier dead?
Definition
Mummification
Term
For whom were the Great PYramids at Giza built for?
Definition
Pharaohs Cheops, Chefren, and Mycerinus
Term
For whom were the Great PYramids at Giza built for?
Definition
Pharaohs Cheops, Chefren, and Mycerinus
Term
Which pharaoh was responsible for the great sphnix to guard his tomb?
Definition
Chefren
Term
Which pharaoh tried ot convert the Egyptian religion to monotheism?
Definition
Amenhotep IV
Term
Which pharaoh changed his name in order to honor the one he considered the one true god? What did he change his name to?
Definition
Amenhotep IV; Ahkenaton "the servant of Aton"
Term
On top of religion and his name, what else did Ahkenaton change?
Definition
The location of the capital; to Tel el-Amarna
Term
When the capital was moved to Tel el-Amarna, what features developed in the arts?
Definition
New lightness and naturalism. Physical characteristics shown in detail. Scenes were relaxed and humorous.
Term
For what is King Tutankhamen most well-known?
Definition
The discovery of his tomb in 1923; all treasures within still intact, as well as the king's remains.
Term
Who discovered King Tut's Tomb and when?
Definition
Howard Carter; February 17, 1923
Term
What temples are considered the most colossal or the ancient Egyptian culture?
Definition
Rameses II temples in Luxor, Karnak, and Abu Simbel.
Term
How long did the Egyptian culture last?
Definition
3000 years.
Term
What purpose did the canopic jars serve?
Definition
Held the 4 major organs of the dead in Egyptian tombs.
Term
What use did papyrus serve?
Definition
Paper.
Term
What where heiroglyphics?
Definition
small picture symbols used as writing in Egyptian culture
Term
What are the 2 main Aegean Cultures?
Definition
Minoan and Mycenaean
Term
On what island did the Minoans originate?
Definition
Crete
Term
Where were the Mycenaeans located?
Definition
Mycenae, mainland Greece
Term
What writer created stories about the ancient Aegean cultures? What were they called?
Definition
Homer; Illiad and Odyssey
Term
What king ruled the Minoans and whos name created the name "Minoan"
Definition
King Minos
Term
What is the name of the Archaeologist that discovered the remains of the palace of Knossos?
Definition
Arthur Evans
Term
Which goddess was known as the goddess of the home in the minoan culture?
Definition
snake-goddess
Term
Who was the main religious spectacle in the Minoan culture?
Definition
the Mother goddess
Term
Where did the story of the Labyrinth and the Minotar originate?
Definition
Knossos of Crete
Term
What was "Linear Script A" used for?
Definition
storing trade information on clay tablets.
Term
In 1876, who found ancient Mycenae?
Definition
Schliemann
Term
Who discovered truth behind the story of Troy and how?
Definition
Schliemann; after excavation, he discovered the ancient city of Troy.
Term
Mycenaeans or Minoans: Who was most powerful due to war?
Definition
Mycenaeans
Term
Subject of the statue of Willendorf c.30,000 B.C.
Definition
Venus (a woman)
Term
Hero of the most famous Sumerian epic; he traveled on a journey in quest of the meaning of life.
Definition
Gilgamesh
Term
Author of the great law code of ancient Babylon
Definition
Hammurabi
Term
Civilization famous for the wall reliefs of hunting scence on its palaces at Nimrud and Nineveh
Definition
Assyrians
Term
Most important subject of Cycladic Art
Definition
Women
Term
most important city of Minoan Civilization
Definition
Knossos
Term
What where the subject of most Cycladic sculptures?
Definition
Idols
Term
WHERE did the earliest for of writing developw
Definition
Uruk
Term
Persians conquered by whom?
Definition
Alexander the Great
Term
What are the 6 characteristics of a civilization
Definition
cities
government
social classes
production of goods/ tools for that
written communication
religious beliefs
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