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Definition
| Alternate versions of a gene that produce distinguishable phenotypic effects. |
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| S technique of prenatal diagnosis in which amniotic fluid obtained by aspiration from a needle inserted into the uterus is analyzed to detect certain genetic and congenital defects. |
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| In genetics, an individual who is heterozygous at a given genetic locus, with one norrmal allele and one potentially harmful recessive allele. The heterozygote is phenotypical,$ vly normal for the character determined by the gene, but can pass on harmful allele to offspring. |
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Definition
| An observable heritable feature. |
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| Chronic villus sampling (CVS) |
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Definition
| A technique of prenatal diagnosis in which a small sample of fthe fetal portion of the placenta is removed and analyzed to detect certain genetic and congenital defects in the fetus. |
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| The situation in which the phenotypes f both alleles are exhibited in the heterozygote. |
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Definition
| The situation in which the phenotypes of the heterozygote and dominant homozygote are indistinguishable. |
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| A human genetic disorder caused by a recessive allele for a chloride channel protein characterized by ann excessive secretion of mucus and consequent vulnerability to infection; fatal if untreated. |
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Definition
a hybrid produced by parents that differ only at two gene loci that have two alleles each. Pertaining to an organism with two different alleles for a gene responsible for a phenotype.
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Definition
| An allele that is fully expressed in the phenotype of a heterozygote. |
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| A type of gene interaction in which one gene alters the phenotypic effects of another gene that is indepently inherited. |
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Definition
| The first filial or hybrid offspring in a series of genetic crosses. |
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| Offspring resulting from interbreeding of the hybrid F1 generation. |
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Definition
| The genetic makeup or set of alleles of an organism. |
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Definition
| Having two different alleles for a given gene. |
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Definition
| Having two identical alleles for a given gene. |
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| A human genetic disease caused by a dominant allele; characterized by uncontrollable body movements and degeneration of the nervous system; usually fatal 10 to 20 years after the onset of symptoms. |
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Definition
| In genetics, the mating or crossing of two true-breeding varieties. |
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Definition
| The situation in which the phenotype of heterzygotes is intermediate between the phenotypes of individuals homozygous for either allele. |
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| Law of independent assortment |
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Definition
| Mendel's second law, stating that each pair of alleles segregates independently during gamete formation; applies when genes for two characters are located on different pairs off homologous chromosomes. |
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Definition
| Mendel's first law, stating that each allele in a pair separates into a different gamete during gamete formation. |
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Definition
| An organism that is heterozygous with respect to a single gene of interest. All of the offspring from a cross between parents homozygous for different alleles are monohybrids. For example, parents of genotypes AA and aa produce a monohybrid of genotype Aa. |
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Definition
| Referring to a phenotype character that is influenced by multiplee genes and environmental factors. |
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| The range of phenotypes produced by a single genotype, due to environmental influences. |
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| The parent individuals from which offspring are derived in studies of inheritance; P stands for parental. |
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| A diagram of a family tree showing the occurence of heritable characters in parents and offspring over multiple generations. |
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Definition
| The physical and physiological traits of an organism, which are determined by its genetic makeup. |
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Definition
| The ability of a single gene to have multiple effects. |
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Definition
| An additive effect of two or more gene loci on a singlee phenotypic character. |
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Definition
| A diagram used in the study of inheritannce to show the results of random fertilization in genetic crosses. |
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Definition
| A heritable feature that varies continuously over a range rather than in an either-or fashion. |
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Definition
| An allele whose phenotypic effect is not observed in a heterozygote. |
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Definition
A human genetic disease caused by a recessive allele that results in the substition of a single amino acid in the hemoglovin protein; characterized by deformed red blood cells that can lead to numerous symptoms.
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Definition
| A human genetic disease caused by a recessive allele for a dysfunctional enzyme, leading to accumaltion of certain lipids in the brain. Seizures, blindness and degeneration of motor and mental performance usually become manifest for a few months after birth. |
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Definition
| Breeding of an organism of unknown genotype with a homozygous recessive individual to determine the unknown genotype. The ratio of phenotypes in the offspring determines the unknown genotype. |
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Definition
| Any detectable varioation in a genetic character. |
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Definition
| Referring to plants that produce offspring of the same variety when they self-pollinate. |
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