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Chapter 14 Terms
Invitation to Computer Science (5th Ed.)
36
Computer Science
Undergraduate 1
05/04/2012

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Term
B2B (business to business)
Definition
-your company sells products or materials to other companies rather than to the general public
-streamline transactions between you as the seller and the other businesses as buyers
Term
B2C (business to consumer)
Definition
ex: website
advertise your products and to allow the general public to make online purchases
Term
e-commerce world
Definition
where financial transactions are conducted by electronic means
Term
e-business
Definition
where orders are processed, alerted, and inventory is reduced, all electronically. It may operate completely online, or it may also have a physical retail site.
Term
ASP (application service provider)
Definition
designs and manages websites on an ongoing basis for businesses for a fee
Term
domain name
Definition
homepage URL
Term
ICANN (internet corporation for assigned names and numbers)
Definition
a nonprofit corporation that took over the task of domain name management from the US gov. in 1998
Term
portal
Definition
-an entry point web page with links to other web pages on some topic
-can be thought of as a starting point to learn about a particular subject, and it typically contains many helpful pointers to useful info on that subject.
Term
banner ad
Definition
a graphical ad, often with animation, placed in a prominent position on a web page
Term
cookie
Definition
a small text file that the web server sends to the user's browser and that gets stored on the user's hard drive
Term
stateless
Definition
no info about this exchange is permanently retained by the server
Term
encryption
Definition
encodes the data to be transmitted into a scrambled form, using a scheme agreed on between the sender and the receiver
Term
authentication
Definition
the process of verifying the identity of the receiver of the data
Term
spoofing
Definition
the practice of impersonating a legitimate site for the purposes of stealing money or stealing identity by collecting confidential info such as credit card numbers, names, and addresses
Term
https
Definition
site under the protection of SSL
Term
taxonomy
Definition
how info is classified and organized so customers can easily find what they want
Term
site map/navigation bar
Definition
provides a high-level overview of a web site architecture, plus makes it easy to navigate through the site
Term
CRM (customer relationship management)
Definition
all of the measures used to help improve customer satisfaction, build customer relationships, and bring people back to your web site
Term
middleware
Definition
-software that allows separate, existing programs to communicate and work together seamlessly
-translate between incompatible data representations, file formats, and network protocols to allow otherwise incompatible systems to exchange info
Term
disaster recovery strategy
Definition
plans to back up critical data, keep online business open even when server fails, and plans on what to do if a hacker breaks into your site and steals customer info
Term
bytes
Definition
bits combined into groups of eight
Term
field
Definition
a group of bytes used to represent a string of characters
Term
record
Definition
a collection of related fields
Term
data file
Definition
where related records are kept
Term
database
Definition
related files combined together
Term
database management system (DBMS)
Definition
-manages the files in a database
-aids in data abstraction and maintenance
-aids in development of software that's shares date
-better control of security and access levels
-reduction in data
Term
relational database model
Definition
-conceptual model of a file as a two dimensional table
-most common database management system
-relation = table
-operators on tables produce results that are also tables (select, project, cross product (join), set union, set difference, rename)
-SQL is a declarative language that specifies a combination of the built in relational operators
-the relational algebra is a procedural language
Term
entity
Definition
-what the table in a relational database model represents
-fundamental distinguishable component
Term
tuple
Definition
a row of the table that contains data about one instance of the entity
Term
attribute
Definition
each category of information, the heading above each column identifies it
Term
primary key
Definition
an attribute or combination of attributes that uniquely identifies a tuple
Term
query languages
Definition
required by database management to enable the user or another application program to query the database in order to retrieve info
Term
query
Definition
ask questions of
Term
composite primary key
Definition
2 attributes are needed to identify a tuple uniquely
Term
foreign key
Definition
-establishes the relationship between an attribute and the entity
-key from another table that refers to a specific key, usually the primary key
Term
distributed databases
Definition
allow the physical data to reside at separate and independent locations that are electronically networked together
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