Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Chapter 13 Vocab and Questions
Chapter 13 Vocab and Questions
29
Environmental Studies
11th Grade
12/10/2012

Additional Environmental Studies Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Silviculture
Definition
professional growing of trees.
Term
Stand
Definition
How foresters have managed trees locally. It's an informal term referring to a group of trees of the same species at the same successional stage.
Term
Even-aged stands
Definition
all live trees began growth from seeds and roots germinating during the same year
Term
Uneven aged stands
Definition
at least three distinct age classes for the stand of trees involved
Term
Virgin forest/old growth forest
Definition
forest that has never been cut
Term
2nd growth forest
Definition
a forest that has been cut and regrown
Term
Rotation time
Definition
time between cuts of a stand
Term
Dominants
Definition
grouping of trees (tallest, most common, and most vigorous usually grouped respectively)
Term
Codominants
Definition
when trees in a forest share the canopy of a forest
Term
Intermediate pressed
Definition
the growing of trees in the understory
Term
Site quality
Definition
How foresters classify forests based on soil fertility, water supply, and local climate. It's the maximum amount of timber a crop site can produce in a given time. It can decline with poor management.
Term
Clear cutting
Definition
cutting of all trees in a stand at the same time
Term
Shelterwood cutting
Definition
cutting dead and less desirable trees first, and later cutting the mature trees, leaving only the young trees.
Term
Thinning
Definition
selectively picked trees are removed. Sometimes, even specific species of trees are removed.
Term
Strip cutting
Definition
narrow rows of forests are cut, leaving wooded corridors whose trees provide seeds
Term
Plantation
Definition
stand of a single species typically planted in straight rows, reflecting modern agricultural practices, and providing an alternative to pressure on natural forests.
Term
Sustainable forestry
Definition
one resource that can be harvested at a rate that doesn't decrease the forest's ability of an ecosystem to continue providing same harvest rate indefinitely.
Term
Certification of forestry
Definition
compares actual practices of specific corporations or government agencies with practices believed to be consistence with sustainability.
Term
Park
Definition
area set aside for use by people
Term
Nature preserve
Definition
primate purpose conservation of the resource being protection (usually a biological one)
Term
National Park
Definition
a natural reserve set aside for protection of the beautiful landscape and wildlife that inhabit the area.
Term
Wilderness
Definition
area undisturbed by people.
Term
What are some of the questions/conflicts surrounding forestry? (4 questions)
Definition
1. Should a forest be used only as a resource to provide materials for people and civilization, or should a forest be used only to conserve natural ecosystems and biological diversity, including specific endangered species?
2. Can a forest serve some of both aof these functions at the same time and in the same place?
3. Can a frest be managed sustainably for either use? If so, how?
4. What rose do forests play in our global env. such ass their effects on climate?
Term
What are some of the reasons forests are important?
Definition
They improve water supply for endangered species and other wildlife, recreation, and bird and wildlife viewing. Also sacred for spiritual and aesthetic reasons.
Term
What is the goal of silviculture?
Definition
to maximize the yield in the harvest of a single resource
Term
What are the two transportation systems connecting leaves and roots in a tree? What does each do?
Definition
Phloem--on the inside of the living part of the bark-transports sugars and other organic compounds down to stems and roots.
Xylem--father inside--transports water and inorganic molecules upward to leaves. Water transported upward by sun powered pump.
Term
What are some of the tree niches?
Definition
Shade-tolerance and shade-intolerance
Term
What does the understanding of tree niches help us do?
Definition
determine where we might best plant them a commercial crop and where they might best contribute to biological conservation or to landscape beauty.
Term
What are the layers of a tree trunk?
Definition
outer bark, inner bark, cambium, pith, pith rays, and heartwood.
Supporting users have an ad free experience!