Term
| What is the vitally important natural resource contained in the oceans of the world? NoT |
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Definition
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Term
| Why is this (vitally important resource contained in the oceans) resource difficult to obtain from the oceans? NoT |
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Definition
| Seawater is hard to de-salinate |
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Term
| List the main ocean basins of the world. |
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Definition
| Arctic, Atlantic, Indian and Pacific. Pacific is the largest |
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Term
| What are the two main differences between the young-earth and old-earth theories for the origin of the ocean basins? NoT |
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Definition
| When the oceans formed. How much time it took to split up the supercontinent. |
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Term
| People often use mean sea level (MSL)as a reference point for measuring what? |
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Definition
| Altitude, Elevation, Depth |
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Term
| List the typical geographic features of ocean basin topography, starting at the coast and moving into the basin. (6) |
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Definition
| shore, beach, continental shelf, continental slope, continental rise, abyssal plain |
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Term
| What are three important tectonic features found in ocean basins? |
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Definition
| mid-ocean ridges, seamounts, trenches |
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Term
| What is a reef? What makes a coral reef? |
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Definition
| a rock formation that is in a shallow depth. Skeletons of corals |
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Term
| With what kind of tectonic feature do most atolls seem to be associated? NoT |
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Definition
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Term
| T - F The Challenger Deep is deeper than the highest mountain in the world |
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Definition
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Term
| Why can we suspect that the original created ocean was probably at least a little salty? |
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Definition
| Because saltwater plants/animals cannot survive in freshwater, freshwater plants/animals cannot live in saltwater. |
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Term
| Which two chemical elements make up most of the salt in seawater? When combined, what common compound do they form? |
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Definition
| sodium and chlorine. They form table salt. |
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Term
| Name two sources that add minerals to the oceans. |
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Definition
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Term
| Name two processes that remove minerals from the oceans. |
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Definition
| plants and animals use the minerals, they react with other chemicals and settle out. |
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Term
| How does salinity affect the freezing point and density of water? |
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Definition
| Lowers freezing point, increases density |
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Term
| How does a sperm whale locate a tasty squid in the black depths of the ocean if it can't see it? |
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Definition
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Term
| T - F Sea ice is just as salty as the surrounding seawater. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 3 factors that determine the kinds of marine life and where they can live in the oceans? NoT |
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Definition
| Water depth, light, how fast environmental conditions change. |
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Term
| How are the littoral zone and the open ocean photic zone similar? |
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Definition
| Similar light and temperature |
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Term
| How are the littoral zone and the open ocean photic zone different? |
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Definition
| salinity and water clarity are more consistent. |
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Term
| What are the 4 main carbon reservoirs that communicate with the ocean carbon reservoir? NoT |
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Definition
| atmosphere, ocean, land upper lithosphere |
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Term
| Explain why organisms cannot use atmospheric nitrogen directly to build organic compounds. |
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Definition
| molecular nitrogen is inert and does not take part in chemical reactions |
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Term
| According to Psalm 104, what does the ocean reveal to us about God?NoT |
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Definition
| That it is God's creation |
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Term
| T - F Because of the way benthic is defined, it is accurate to say that no benthic organisms live in the open ocean photic zone. |
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Definition
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Term
| How is oceanography different from the standard individual sciences, like biology, geology and chemistry? |
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Definition
| It involves several different types of sciences |
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Term
| What are the differences between seas and oceans? |
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Definition
| seas are large and mostly surrounded by land. Oceans are larger. |
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Term
| Why is it important to be able to predict local sea levels in a harbor from day to day? NoT |
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Definition
| To help those that work on the coast |
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Term
| Give one possible cause for an increase in mean sea level. NoT |
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Definition
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Term
| You are visiting an ocean beach. How can you recognize the width of the shore? NoT |
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Definition
| by measuring the high and low tide |
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Term
| Is the continental rise part of the continental plate? Explain. NoT |
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Definition
| No. It is sediment that has come off the continent itself. |
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Term
| What is the average depth of the abyssal plain? Give the depth in both km and miles. NoT |
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Definition
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Term
| Where are the deepest spots in the ocean located? |
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Definition
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Term
| What may have caused these (deepest spots in the ocean) to form? |
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Definition
| Plate techtonics, subduction zones |
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Term
| Give one explanation for how an atoll may have formed. NoT |
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Definition
| Forms from a collapsed caldera which forms a lagoon. |
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Term
| What do we mean by salinity? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the average salinity of seawater? |
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Definition
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Term
| If the average salinity of the ocean is not changing, what must be true about the rates of addition and removal of minerals from seawater? |
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Definition
| adding and removing salt at the same rate |
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Term
| What happens to seawater temperature as you go deeper into the ocean? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why is studying the speed of sound in seawater important to marine biologists? |
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Definition
| The change in speed affect the distance of an object using echolocation |
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Term
| State two properties of the intertidal zone that make it an especially difficult environment in which to live. |
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Definition
| switches between living in air and living in water everyday. Pounding of the waves. |
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Term
| What are the two main sources of food for marine animals living in the aphotic zone of the open ocean? |
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Definition
| Hunt for food and marine snow |
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Term
| What is the main way that carbon becomes food for animals? NoT |
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Definition
| when green plants turn carbon dioxide into plant matter |
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Term
| How have the activities of people contributed to the nitrogen cycle since the last century? NoT |
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Definition
| Man-made chemical fertilizers |
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Term
| T - F The oceans are the source of most of Earth's atmospheric oxygen. |
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Definition
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Term
| T - F There is only one ocean. |
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Definition
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Term
| T - F The ocean's surface makes the earth into a smooth sphere. |
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Definition
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Term
| T - F The beach is broader than the shore at a given location. NoT |
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Definition
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Term
| T - F Geologists recently estimated that there could be around 25 million extinct volcanic seamounts taller than 100m. This large number suggests that underwater volcanism must have been significant in the past. NoT |
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Definition
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Term
| T - F According to young-earth geologic history, existing coral reefs probably developed after the Flood. |
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Definition
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Term
| T - F The fish kinds found in landlocked lakes today must have originally been ocean fish that survived the Flood. NoT |
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Definition
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Term
| T - F Seawater is 3.5% sodium chloride and 96.5% water. NoT |
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Definition
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Term
| T - F The oceans continue to grow saltier as rivers add minerals to seawater and the water evaporates. |
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Definition
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Term
| T - F The temperature at which seawater freezes decreases as salinity increases. |
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Definition
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Term
| T - F A sound velocity profile (SVP) displays how sound speed changes with seawater temperature. NoT |
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Definition
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Term
| T - F Marine organisms in the littoral zone are NOT protected from the occasional significant changes to their environment. |
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Definition
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Term
| T - F Earth's carbon and nitrogen cycles take place entirely within the oceans. |
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Definition
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