Term
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Definition
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Term
| Sites known to harbor bacteria |
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Definition
all exposed to external environment!
-skin
-respiratory tract
-gastrointestinal tract
-urethra
-external genitalia
-vagina
-external ear canal
-external eye |
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Term
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Definition
-do not normally reside, just passing through
-most are harmless, some are pathogens |
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Term
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Definition
-each each has particular populations
-changes over time |
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Term
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Definition
cause disease when given the opportunity
-break down in immunity
-certain medical treatments
-implantation of devices |
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Term
| Methods to acquire the normal microbiota |
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Definition
1. birth canal
2. food
3. breathing
4. natural succession (with age) |
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Term
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Definition
| a microbe whose relationship with its host is parasitic and results in infection and disease |
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Term
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Definition
| the colonization of an organism by microorganism-with out without disease |
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Term
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Definition
| the ability of a disease causing microorganism to be spread between indivuals |
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Term
| What are virulence factors? |
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Definition
| microbial components that contribute to the ability to cause disease in a susceptible host |
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Term
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Definition
it is the degree of pathogenicity;
determined by its ability to establish itself in the host and cause damage |
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Term
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Definition
| an organisms potential to cause infection or disease |
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Term
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Definition
1. Finding a portal
2. attaching firmly
3. surviving host defences
4. causing damage
5. exiting host |
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Term
| Different portals of entry |
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Definition
| skin. gastrointestinal tract, respiratory (great number), urogenital, pregnancy and bith |
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Term
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Definition
| toxoplamosis, other, rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex |
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Term
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Definition
number of microbes needed to be present to cause infection
microbes with smaller IDs have greater virulence |
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Term
| 3 ways the microbes attach to the host |
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Definition
1. fimbriae
2. capsules
3. spikes |
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Term
| How do the microbes survive the host? |
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Definition
| avoiding phagocytes with anti-phagocytic factors, and some can survive inside the phagcoytes after ingestion |
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Term
| how do the microbes cause the disease? |
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Definition
| exoenzymes, toxins, or block phagocyte response |
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Term
| What do the extracelluar enzymes do? |
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Definition
| the break down and inflict damage on tissues or dissolve that host's defense barriers |
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Term
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Definition
effect: specific ell types
composition: small proteins
release: secreted from live cell |
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Term
|
Definition
effect: systemic, fever, inflammation
composition: lipopolysaccharides
release: released by cell via shedding or during lysis |
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Term
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Definition
| accumulated damage leads to cell and tissue death |
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Term
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Definition
1. incubation
2. prodormal "i feel a little off"
3. invastion "mac truck ran me over"
4. Convalescence- not great but better, usually when people stop there antibiotics
5. Recovery |
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Term
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Definition
| any OBJECTIVE evidence of disease as noted by another... temperature, rash, ect. |
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Term
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Definition
| the SUBJECTIVE evidence of disease as sensed by patient... my stomach hurts |
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Term
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Definition
| when a disease can be identified or defined by a certain complex of signs and symptoms |
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Term
| Signs and symptoms of inflammation |
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Definition
fever, pain, soreness, swelling.
edema.
granulomas and abscesses.
lymphadenitis.
lesions |
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Term
| Signs of infection in the blood? |
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Definition
| changes in the number of circulating white blood cells |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a general state in which microorganisms are multiplying in the blood and are present in large numbers |
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Term
| What are some portals of exit? |
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Definition
| respiratory, salivary portals, skin scales, fecal exit, urogenital tract, removal of blood or bleeding |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the primary habitat in the natural world from which a pathogen originates |
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Term
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Definition
| the individual or object from which an infection is actually acquired |
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Term
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Definition
| an individual who inconspicuously shelters a pathogen and spreads it to others without any notice |
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Term
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Definition
asymptomatic
incubation
convalescent
chronic
passive |
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Term
| What is a noncommunicable disease? |
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Definition
| does not arise through transmission of infectious agent from host to host |
|
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Term
| what is a nosocomial infection? |
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Definition
| infectious diseases that are accuired or developed during a hospital stay |
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Term
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Definition
| sudden acute disease outbreak affecting many |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
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Definition
| chronic occurrence in a geographical region |
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Term
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Definition
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