Term
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Definition
a form of stimulation
mental rehearsal
Imagery is a form of stimulation that involves recalling from memory, pieces of information stored from experience and shaping those pieces into meaningful images.
The kinesthetic sense is particularly important for athletes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Visual Motor Behavior Rehearsal |
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Term
| imagery effectiveness depends on several factors. |
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Definition
WHERE do athletes use imagery? More in competition than in training. More in competition.
When do athletes use imagery? Use imagery before, during, and after practice: outside of practice; before, during or after competition; and for injury rehabilitation;
WHY do athletes use imagery? For motivational and cognitive functions |
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Term
| Where do athletes use imagery? |
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Definition
More in competition than in training. More in competition.
W |
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Term
| When do athletes use imagery? |
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Definition
| Use imagery before, during, and after practice: outside of practice; before, during or after competition; and for injury rehabilitation; |
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Term
| Why do athletes use imagery? |
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Definition
| For motivational and cognitive functions |
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Term
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Definition
| creating or re-creating an experience in your mind. |
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Term
| What are the senses used in imagery? |
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Definition
| visual kinesthetic auditory tactile olfactory |
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| Besides the senses what does imagery contain? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| motivational and cognitive |
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Term
| motivational specific (MS) |
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Definition
| goal oriented .. winning the gold |
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| motivational general (MG) |
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Definition
| arousal and or relaxation |
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Term
cognitive imagery specific
Cognitive specific (CS) |
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Definition
| skills like imaging performing on the balance beam perfectly or something like the perfect serve in tennis |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is kinesthetic sense |
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Definition
| feeling the body move in different positions.. see the shots and feel them in your hands. |
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Term
| Recreating ____ ___ ___ through imagery can help control emotional states. |
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Definition
| emotion thoughts confidence |
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Term
| 5 Five key characteristics of the imagery |
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Definition
1 modality = senses used 2 Perspective = visual 1st person internal or 3rd person external
3 angle = above, behind front side 4 Agency = the author of the behavior being imaged me or you
5 deliberation deliberate or spontaneous (triggered). |
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Term
| Psychological intervention packages |
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Definition
self talk relaxation
concentration training imagery visuomotor behavior
VMBR combining relaxation with imagery and neuromuscular activity of muscles. |
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Term
| how it is known that imagery works? |
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Definition
anecdotal statement from elite athletes,
multiple base-line studies
psychological intervention packages (using a variety of interventions like self talk, relaxations, concentration training)
specific experiments |
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Term
| Where do athletes use imaging the most? |
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Definition
more in competition than training.
Use it more for performance enhancement… especially during pre-competition . |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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MS motivational-specific
visualize is |
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Definition
| specific goals and behaviors like winning |
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| Imaging performing well to keep confident is _____ |
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Definition
| MF-M = mental toughness psych up M=mastery |
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Term
| motivational general Mg-A |
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Definition
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Term
| 3 three types of motivational imagery |
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Definition
MS motivation specific = winning..
best at confidence and focus
MG motivation general
MG-A motivation arousal
MG-M motivational general- mastery |
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Term
| The 4 four types of imagery: |
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Definition
visual, kinesthetic, auditory olfactory
(there is also tactile) |
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Term
| What are the prospectives of imagery? |
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Definition
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Term
| Elite athletes favor this perspective |
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Definition
| internal perspective…. but they use both |
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Term
| performance of skill that depend on form will usually be from the ____perspective. |
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Definition
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| _____used for anticipation and perception |
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Definition
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Term
______ for closed
________for open (Time pressured, changing
environment) |
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Definition
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Term
| Controllability exercises |
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Definition
1 controlling performance see wrong then change to right
2 controlling performance against tough opponent see a past foe image a strategy against foe.. see blowing up and feel it…use anxiety management to fix anxiety..and drain it away..
CONTROL what you see hear and feel in your imagery.. |
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Term
| A guideline on HOW to develop an imagery training PROGRAM to be part of daily routine |
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Definition
PETTLEP
physical + environment + task + timing learning + emotion + perspective. |
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Term
| training programs. components to be considered |
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Definition
prerequisites personal info/ environment/
all that influence the 3 components related to structure and content…
content: sense modalities, perspective selection (in vs ex), timing (slow, fast, real) cognitive + motivational
Rehearsal routine when ow duration scheduling how often when pattern (simple or complex)
Enhancements = ways imaging training programs can be improved audio scripts modeling video
biofeedback cues triggers Evaluate what is working and not assessments |
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Term
| 3 components related to structure and content… |
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Definition
| modalities, perspective, timing |
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Term
| The Keys to effective Imagery |
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Definition
Vividness +
Controllabilithy |
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Term
| Specific areas imagery can affect aspects of |
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Definition
performance
motor learning and performance task
strategies and problems solving goals
Motivation, self-confidence anxiety regulate, enhance, confidence mental warm up
Injury rehab pain management |
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Term
| What are the 5 key components of the imagery process? |
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Definition
| Modality, Angle, Agency, Deliberation, Perspective |
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Term
| three uses of imagery and practical examples |
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Definition
1) cognitive general (using strategy)
2) cognitive specific (using skills)
3) motivational specific (ex. receiving a medal) |
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Term
compare and contrast
1) psychoneuromuscular theory
2) symbolic learning theory
3) bioinformational theory
4) triple code model |
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Definition
1 imagery and doing is similar
2 blueprint movements into symbolic components
3 stimulus proposition
-(ex. possibility of walking across the beam)
-describe particular stimulus features starting point
response propositions
4 ISM ---> Image, Somatic Response, and Meaning
Image: |
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Term
| psychoneuromuscular theory is: |
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Definition
| Vividly imagined events that produce an innervation in muscles that is similar to the innervation produced by physically practicing the movement |
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Term
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Definition
| Imagery functions as a coding system to help individuals acquire movement patterns. |
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Term
| psychoneuromuscular theory |
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Definition
| research showing that electrical activity was present in skiers' legs as they imagined skiing down the slope provided support for |
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Term
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Definition
| What theory was supported by the research literature showing that subjects using imagery performed consistently better on tasks that were cognitive than on those that were motoric in nature |
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Term
| Triple code theory refers to what three parts of the image? |
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Definition
| image itself, image meaning, somatic response to the image |
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Term
| Athletes who incorporate all the senses into their image will score high on what aspect of imagery? |
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Definition
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Term
| Bioinformational theory states that images have two propositions called |
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Definition
| response and stimulus propositions |
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Term
| According to researcher Pavio, what are the two primary functions of imagery? |
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Definition
| cognitive and motivational |
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Term
| According to Pavio's work on the different functions of imagery, a person's imagery of staying relaxed under pressure would be an example of _________ |
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Definition
| motivational-specific imagery |
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Term
| External imagery refers to viewing yourself from the perspective of ___________ |
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Definition
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Term
| In a study comparing the use of visual and kinesthetic imagery in the learning of a skill, it was found that____ |
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Definition
| visual imagery produced better performance than kinesthetic imagery |
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Term
| Psychological explanations for the effectiveness of imagery include a focus on___ |
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Definition
a. building psychological skills
b. enhancing motivation
c. achieving optimal arousal and focus on task-relevant cues |
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Term
| Exercise imagery has been shown to have several functions, including which of the following? |
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Definition
a. improving exercise technique
b. helping develop routines
c. enhancing self-concept
d. all of the above
*e. a and b |
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Term
| Guillot and Collet proposed a model called the motor imagery integrative model to help guild imagery research and practice.. what 4 area did they say imagery could affect performance? |
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Definition
motor learning and performance.
strategies and problem solving.
Motivation, self-confidence, and anxiety.
Injury rehabilitation. |
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Term
| what is the first step in setting up imagery training ? |
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Definition
| evaluate the athletes's current level of imagery skills. |
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Term
Tips and guidelines for Implementing
an imagery training program |
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Definition
from a questionaire the player and coach can see which area to put into the daily training regimen.
practice in many settings.
Aim for relaxed cencntration.
Establish realistic expectations and sufficient motivation
Use vivid and controllable images
apply imagery to specific situation.
maintain positive focus
Use vidio and audio ..
include execution and outcome
image timing |
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Term
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Definition
| anytime. one way is to schedule imagery systematically is to include it before and after each practice session.... limit to about 10 minutes.. Before and after competiton..during off season during breaks .. during personal time...when recovering from an injury |
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