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Definition
| A doctrine that holds that the state has a responsibility to look after the well-being of children and to assume the role of parent if necessary |
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Term
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| A juvenile who has been found to have engaged in behavior deemed unacceptable for those under a certain, statutorily determined age |
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Definition
| Behavior that is illegal under federal or state law that has been committed by a person who is under an age limit specified by statute |
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| A term used to describe the fact that criminal activity declines with age. |
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Definition
| The age at which a juvenile first exhibits delinquent behavior |
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Definition
| Mistreatment of children by causing physical, emotional, or sexual damage without any plausible explanation, such as an accident |
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Definition
| A form of child abuse in which a child is denied certain necessities such as shelter, food, care, and love |
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Definition
| A self-formed groups of youths who engage in criminal activity. |
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Term
| low-visibility decision making |
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Definition
| A term used to describe the discretionary power police have in determining what to do with misbehaving juveniles |
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Definition
| The notification process through which a law enforcement officer or other concerned citizen makes the juvenile court aware of a juvenile’s unlawful or unruly conduct. |
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Definition
| The process by which an official of the court must decide whether to file a petition, release the juvenile, or place the juvenile under some other form of supervision. |
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Term
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Definition
| The document file with the juvenile court alleging that the juvenile is a delinquent or a status offender and asking the court to either hear the case or transfer it to an adult court. |
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Definition
| The process in which the juvenile judge, based on the facts of the case at hand, decides that the alleged offender should be transferred to an adult court |
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Definition
| The process by which a juvenile is transferred to the adult court as a matter of state law. |
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Term
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Definition
| A procedure in which juvenile court judges have the discretion to transfer a juvenile case to adult court, usually depending on the age of the offender and the severity of his or her crime. |
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Term
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Definition
| The temporary custody of a juvenile in a secure facility after a petition has been filed and before the adjudication process begins. |
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Term
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Definition
| A hearing to determine whether a juvenile should be detained, or remain detained, while waiting for the adjudicatory process to begin |
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Term
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Definition
| ) The process through which a juvenile court determines whether there is sufficient evidence to support the initial petition |
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Definition
| A hearing in which the juvenile judge or officer decides the appropriate punishment for a youth found to be delinquent or a status offender |
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Term
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Definition
| A report prepared during the disposition process that provides the judge with relevant background material to aid in the disposition decision |
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Term
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Definition
| ) The theory that a delinquent or status offender should receive a punishment that matches in seriousness the severity of the wrongdoing |
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Term
| residential treatment program |
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Definition
| A government-run facility for juveniles whose offenses are not deemed serious enough to warrant incarceration in a training school |
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Term
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Definition
| A variation on traditional shock incarceration in which juveniles (and some adults) are sent to secure confinement facilities modeled on military basic training camps instead of prison or jail. |
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Term
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Definition
| A correctional institution for juveniles found to be delinquent or status offenders. |
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Term
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Definition
| The variety of therapeutic, educational, and counseling programs made available to juvenile delinquents after they have been released from a correctional facility. |
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