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Definition
opened in 1247
first psychiatric hospital
care typically consisted of restraint |
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| History of Psychiatric beliefs in Middle Ages |
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Definition
| mental illness = demon possession |
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| 1st physician specializing in mental disorders |
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Definition
began in 1692
8 girls exhibited vomiting, convulsions, slurred speech and hallucinations |
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| Jean-Baptiste Pussin and Philippe Pinel |
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Definition
Directors of La Bicetre Hospital in late 18th century
credited with moral therapy |
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Definition
| humane treatment as opposed to restraint |
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Definition
| published 1st psychiatric textbook |
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Definition
proponent of moral therapy in U.S.
32 state hospitals arose out of movement |
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Definition
many patients "warehoused", peak of 550,000 patients
locked wards, exceeded capacities, numbers peaked after WWII |
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Definition
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| common from 1930s to 1960s |
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Definition
arose in 1950s and 1960s
advent of antipsychotic drugs
social policy of deinstitutionalization |
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Today
Number of patients hospitalized |
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Definition
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Term
Today
Community based systems include |
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Definition
outpatient care
Crisis intervention |
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Term
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Definition
revolving door
some do not seek treatment
1 in 3 homeless individuals severely mentally ill |
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Term
Rosehan Experiment
number of patients |
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Definition
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Term
Rosenhan Experiment
What did the patients do? |
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Definition
| faked auditory hallucinations to be admitted into 12 different hospitals in 15 states |
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Term
Rosenhan Experiment
Where they admitted? |
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Definition
| All were admitted and diagnosed with psychiatric disorders |
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Term
Rosenhan Experiment
What happened after admission? |
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Definition
| pseudo patients acted normally and told staff that they felt find and had not experienced any more hallucinations |
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Term
Rosenhan Experiment
What did the staff do? |
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Definition
| All were forced to admit to having a mental illness and agree to take antipshychotic drugs as a condition of their release |
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Term
Rosenhan Experiment
What was their average time hospitalized? |
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Definition
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Term
Rosenhan Experiment
What was the diagnosis? |
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Definition
| All but one were diagnosed with schizophrenia "in remission" before their release. |
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Term
Rosenhan Experiment
What happened after the 1st experiment? |
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Definition
| 2nd experiment conducted to see if hospital administration could detect real vs. fake patients. |
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Term
Rosenhan Experiment
How many were diagnosed and discovered to be fake patients? |
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Definition
| 193 new patients the staff identified 41 as potential pseudo patients, with 19 of these receiving suspicion from at least 1 psychiatrist and 1 other staff member. Inf act, Rosenhan had sent no one to the hospital. |
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Term
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Definition
| conversational treatment to help people better understand and resolve emotional or behavioral problems |
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Term
| What does psychotherapy focus on? |
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Definition
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Term
| psychotherapy derived from? |
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Definition
| major psychological models of abnormal behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| problems rooted in unconscious psychological conflicts from childhood which is important to gain insight into and work through these conflicts |
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Term
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Definition
| uncovering and working through unconscious conflicts |
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Term
| Who developed psychoanalysis? |
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Definition
| Freud this involves free ego from defending against unconscious impulses of id |
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Term
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Definition
free association
dream analysis
interpretation: freudian slips
transference |
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Term
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Definition
| client encouraged to say what is on mind |
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Term
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Definition
| client tells dreams and therapist interprets symbolic meaning |
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Definition
| develop meaning of connection between behavior and verbal expression: freudian slips |
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Term
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Definition
| relationship client develops with therapist as reenactment of earlier relationship |
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Definition
-less focus on sexual issues
-more focus on: adaptive functioning of ego
-client's current relationships
**Briefer, more direct approach
- traditional psychoanalysis takes years |
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Term
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Definition
based on belief that:
humans possess free will
humans can make conscious choices that enrich their lives
*emphasis on the client's subjective, conscious experience
*focus is on the here-and-now, not the past |
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Term
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Definition
focus on changing behavior
-uses principles of learning and conditioning
*Conditioning
-aversive conditioning
-token economy |
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Term
Behavior Therapy
Fear Reduction |
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Definition
Systematic desensitization: pairing fear-inducing stimuli with state of relaxation
start with imagination |
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Term
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Definition
| getting signals from body that not afraid |
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Definition
systematic desensitization
Gradual Exposure |
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Term
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Definition
| focus on changing how people think which they believe distorted thinking is the basis of emotional problems |
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Term
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Definition
the self (self is worthless)
the word/environment (world is unfair; helpless
the future: future is hopeless |
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Term
Examples:
Nobody likes me
I'm a moron
I'm worthless
My jokes are bad |
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Definition
Even people who like me occasionally get mad at me
Im smart, even if I do make mistakes now and then
I'm a good person
It's not my fault that the lass has no sense of humor |
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Term
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Definition
| psychological problems stem from blocked self-actualization |
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Term
Client-Centered Therapy
Therapy focuses on the person: |
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Definition
non directive approach taken
warm, accepting atmosphere |
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Term
Client-Centered Therapy
Qualities of an effective therapist |
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Definition
unconditional positive regard
empathy
genuineness |
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Term
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Definition
| personality pars may be in conflict, blend into an integrated whole or "gestalt" |
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Term
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Definition
direct, confrontational approach
examine behaviors, facial expression
identifying underlying feelings |
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Term
| Gestalt Therapy: Use of role playing exercises |
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Definition
empty chair technique
acting out different parts of personality |
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Term
| Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy |
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Definition
| identifies and corrects irrational beliefs, "shoulds" and "musts" |
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Term
| Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy: Steps |
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Definition
recognizes irrational beliefs
replace them with more logical, self-enhancing beliefs
developed by Albert Ellis |
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Term
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Definition
| developed Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy |
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Term
| Example of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy |
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Definition
activating event: receiving a poor grade
Beliefs: I'm just a complete jerk. I'll never succeed.
Consequences: Feelings of worthlessness and depression |
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Term
Other Therapy
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy |
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Definition
| combines behavioral and cognitive techniques |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Other Therapy:
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy |
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Definition
| combines behavioral and cognitive techniques |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| individuals with similar difficulties are treated as a group |
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Term
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Definition
| individuals with similar difficulties are treated together as a group |
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Term
| Advantages of Group Therapy |
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Definition
less costly
helps with interpersonal problems
social skills
share coping skills |
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