Term
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Definition
| State of physiological arousal associated with feelings of apprehension, worry or uneasiness |
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Term
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Definition
| Group of disorders that are characterised by chronic feelings of anxiety, distress, nervousness and apprehension or fear |
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Definition
| An excessive or unreasonable fear directed towards a particular object, situation or event that causes significant distress |
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Definition
| Disorder characterised by significant anxiety provoked by exposure to a specific feared object or situation |
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Term
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Definition
| The gradual rise in anxiety levels as a person thinks about being exposed to a phobic stimulus in the future |
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Term
| Gamma-amino-butyric acid (GABA) |
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Definition
| The primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS and works throughout the brain to make postsynaptic neurons less likely to fire |
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Term
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Definition
| Group of drugs commonly referred to as minor tranquillisers as they reduce physiological arousal and promote relaxation |
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Term
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Definition
| Based on the assumption that all mental disorders are caused by unresolved psychological conflicts that occur in the unconscious part of the mind |
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Term
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Definition
| The unconscious process by which the conscious part of our mind, ego, protects itself against anxiety arising for unresolved internal conflicts |
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Definition
| A developmental conflict that describes the unconscious desire that a male child develop towards his mother |
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Term
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Definition
| Involves directing feelings away from the object or person that causes them to a substitute object or person that is less threatening |
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Definition
| Phobias are learned through experience and may be acquired, maintained or modified by environmental factors such as punishment or rewards |
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Definition
| Focuses on how the individual processes information about the phobic stimulus and related events |
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Term
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Definition
| A tendency to think in a way that involves errors of judgement and faulty decision-making |
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Term
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Definition
| The tendency to selectively attend to threat-related stimuli rather than to neutral stimuli |
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Term
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Definition
| Occurs when recall or recognition is better for negative or threatening information than for positive or neutral information |
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Term
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Definition
| The tendency to interpret or judge ambiguous stimuli and situations in a threatening manner |
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Term
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Definition
| Type of negative thinking in which an object or event is perceived as being far more threatening or dangerous than it really is |
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Term
| Specific environmental triggers |
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Definition
| Specific objects or situations in the environment produce an extreme fear response |
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Term
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Definition
| Modelling the behaviour of either parent as they do not have knowledge to know whether their behaviour appropriate or rational |
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Term
| Transmission of threat information |
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Definition
| Refers to the delivery of information from parents, other family members etc, about the potential threat or actual danger of a situation |
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Term
| Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) |
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Definition
| Combines cognitive and behavioural therapies to help people manage mental health problems and disorders |
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Term
| Systematic desensitization |
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Definition
| A kind of behavioural therapy that aims to replace an anxiety response with a relaxation response when an individual with a specific phobia confronts a fear stimulus |
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Term
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Definition
| A list of feared objects or situations that are ranked from least to most anxiety-producing |
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