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| An unfavorable opinion or feeling formed beforehand or without knowledge, thought, or reason. |
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| Beliefs that associate groups with traits. |
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| Unequal treatment based on group membership. |
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| The assumption that outgroup members are more similar to one another than ingroup members are to one another. |
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| The phenomenon of seeing the relationship one expects in a set of data even when no such relationship exists. |
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| Ultimate attribution error |
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| Viewing negative acts committed by outgroup members as a stable trait of the outgroup, and view positive acts committed by outgroup members as exceptions to normal behavior. |
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| Fear that one’s behavior may confirm a stereotype that others hold, most powerful when it is difficult to contradict. Creates anxiety in interracial interactions for both races |
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| People of a crime, an accident, or any type of abusive maltreatment are held entirely or partially responsible for the transgressions committed against them. |
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| Prediction that ensures, by the behavior it generates, that it will come true. People would come to act like the stereotypes others hold of them |
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| Realistic conflict theory |
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| Intergroup conflicts arise between groups as they compete over the same limited resources. This is a possible cause of prejudice and discrimination development within a society. |
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| The practice of singling out any party for unmerited negative treatment or blame. |
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| Any kind of system of inequality based on race. The differential access to the goods, services, and opportunities of society. |
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| The discrimination against one gender (usually women) by means of actual rules, such as a rule stating that a particular job can only be filled by a man. People discriminate against women even though there is no actual rule that requires them to do so. |
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| The influence of other people that leads us to conform in order to be liked and accepted by them. |
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| Equates "racism" and "racial discrimination" and defines the latter term only as applying to pernicious practices. Differential treatment of racial groups that is intended to ameliorate past discrimination, rather than to harm |
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| Cooperative learning technique with a three-decade track record of successfully reducing racial conflict and increasing positive educational outcomes. |
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