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Definition
| the study of how people influence others' behaviour, beliefs, and attitudes |
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| process of assigning causes to behaviour |
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| fundamental attribution error |
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Definition
| tendency to overestimate the impact of dispositional influences on other people's behaviour |
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| theory that we seek to evaluate our beliefs, attitudes, and abilities by comparing our reactions with others |
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| outbreak of irrational behaviour that is spread by social contagion |
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Definition
| tendency of people to alter their behaviour as a result of group pressure |
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Definition
| studies in which an experimenter systematically manipulates the independent variable to observe its effects on the dependent variable |
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| tendency of people to engage in uncharacteristic behaviour when they are stripped of their usual identities |
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| emphasis on group unanimity at the expense of critical thinking and sound decision making |
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Definition
| tendency of group discussion to strengthen the dominant positions held by individual group members |
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Definition
| groups of individuals who exhibit intense and unquestioning devotion to a single cause |
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Definition
| approach to convincing people to change their minds about something by first introducing reasons why the perspective might be correct and then debunking it |
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Definition
| adherence to instructions from those of higher authority |
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Definition
| error of assuming that no one in a group perceives things we do |
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| diffusion of responsibility |
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Definition
| reduction in feelings of personal responsibility in the presence of others |
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Definition
| phenomenon whereby individuals becomes less productive in groups |
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Definition
| helping others for unselfish reasons |
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Definition
| learning about psychological research can change real-world behaviour for the better |
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Definition
| behaviour intended to harm others, either verbally or physically |
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Definition
| form of indirect aggression, prevalent in girls, involving spreading rumours, gossiping, and nonverbal putdowns for the purpose of social manipulation |
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Definition
| conclusion regarding factual evidence |
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Definition
| belief that includes an emotional component |
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Definition
| personality trait that assesses the extent to which people's behaviour reflects their true feelings and attitudes |
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Definition
| unpleasant mental experience of tension resulting from two conflicting thoughts or beliefs |
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Definition
| theory that we acquire our attitudes by observing our behaviours |
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Term
| impression management theory |
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Definition
| theory that e don't really change our attitudes, but report that we have so that our behaviours appear consistent with our attitudes |
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Term
| foot-in-the-door technique |
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Definition
| persuasive technique involving making a small request before making a bigger one |
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Term
| door-in-the-face technique |
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Definition
| persuasive technique involving making an unreasonably large request before making the small request we're hoping to have granted |
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Term
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Definition
| persuasive technique in which the seller of a product starts by quoting a low sales price, and then mentions all of the "add-on" costs once the customer has agreed to purchase the product |
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Definition
| drawing conclusions about a person, group of people, or situation prior to evaluating the evidence |
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| evolutionary principle that creates a predisposition toward distrusting anything or anyone unfamiliar or different |
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| tendency to favour individuals within our group over those from outside our group |
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Definition
| tendency to view all individuals outside our group as highly similar |
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Definition
| negative behaviour toward members of out-groups |
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Definition
| a belief, positive or negative, about the characteristics of members of a group that is applied generally to most members of the group |
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Term
| ultimate attribution error |
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Definition
| assumption that behaviours among individual members of a group are due to their internal dispositions |
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Definition
| claim that prejudice arises from a need to blame other groups for our misfortune |
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Definition
| claim that our attributions and behaviours are shaped by a deep-seated assumption that the world is fair and all things happen for a reason |
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Term
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Definition
| educational approach designed to minimize prejudice by requiring all children to make independent contributions to a shared project |
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