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| lobbying conducted by rank-and-file members of an interest group |
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| interest group activity that includes normal lobbying on Capitol Hill, working closely with members of Congress, and contributing money to incumbent's campaigns. Contrasts with "outsider tactics" |
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| an organized group of people seeking to influence public policy. |
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| activities through which individuals, interest groups, and other institutions seek to influence public policy by persuading government officials to support their groups' position. |
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| professionals who work to influence public policy in favor of their clients' interests |
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| the personal satisfactions of active self-expression through contribution or other involvement to social causes |
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| interest group activities dsigned to influence elected officials by threatening to impose political costs on them if they do not respond. Tactics include marches, demonstrations, campaign contributions to opponents, and electoral mobilization |
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| politcal paralysis in the face of pressing national problems. |
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| a group that promotes some conception of the public interest rather than the narrowly defined economic or other special interests of its members. |
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| private goods or benefits that induce rational actores to participate in a collective effort to provide a collective good. |
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| amorphous aggregates of people sharing general values and a desire for social change. |
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